炭化温度对艾纳香生物炭理化性质的影响
2017-06-12张影波王康文庞玉新王丹于福来胡
张影波+王康文+庞玉新+王丹+于福来+胡璇+陈晓鹭



摘 要 炭化溫度是实现艾纳香加工废弃物转化成生物炭的重要因素。本文研究了炭化温度对艾纳香生物炭理化性质的影响,以期为艾纳香生物炭的利用奠定基础。本研究对比了300、500和700℃对艾纳香生物炭产率、比表面积、形貌特征、表面矿质组成及红外光谱特征等理化特性的影响。温度对艾纳香生物炭产率和理化特性影响较大,当炭化温度为300℃时,其产率最高,为45.52%,而且所产生的生物炭保有生物质炭应有C、O为主体;但当温度进一步升高时,其主体结果呈现片状、簇状脱落,直至其主体结构崩解,其C、O元素含量逐渐降低,Na、Mg、K、P、Cl等矿质元素逐渐提高;其来源于糖类、蛋白质、核酸等物质的羟基(-OH)、N-H基、C=O、-COOH等基团逐渐裂解消失,形成-C-C-、Si-O-Si等基团。300~500℃是艾纳香生物炭的最佳炭化温度,在该温度下制备形成的艾纳香生物炭不仅保持了生物炭所特有的比表面积大、多孔等共有形貌结构特征,还保护了艾渣中的C、O结构主体及K、Ca、Mg等矿质元素。
关键词 艾渣 ;生物炭 ;形貌特征 ;表面矿质元素 ;红外光谱特征 ;理化性质
中图分类号 S141.9 文献标识码 A Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.05.017
Effect of Carbonization Temperature on Physico-chemical Properties of
Blumea balsamifera Biochar
ZHANG Yingbo WANG Kangwei PANG Yuxin
WANG Dan YU Fulai HU Xuan CHEN Xiaolu
(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute / Hainan Engineering Research Center for
Blumea balsamifera, CATAS, Danzhou, Hainan 571737)
Abstract Carbonization temperature is one of the most important factors affecting biochar prepared from Blumea balsamifera waste by processing. . Waste material of B. balsamifera was processed to produce biochar at the respective carbonization temperatures of 300, 500 and 700℃ to compare the effects of the temperatures on the biochar production rate, specfic surface area, morphology structure, organic constituents and infrared spectrum characteristics of B. balsamifera biochar. Carbonization temperature had a significant effect on physical and chemical properties of the biochar. When the carbonization temperature was 300℃, the biochar production rate was the highest (45.52%), and the biochar had higher content of C and O. With the temperature increasing, the biochar turned to be flaky and fell off until its structure was disintegrated; the contents of C and O in this biochar gradually decreased, and the contents of Na, Mg, K, P, Cl tended to increase; the -OH, -NH, -C=O, -COOH groups in the carbonhydrates, protein and nucleic acid disappeared to form -C-C, Si-O-Si groups. The best carbonization temperature for preparing B. balsamifera biocharranged from 300 to 500℃. Under this range of carbonization temperatures the biochar preparedkept a greater specific surface area and a porous structure with C and O elements as the main structure and contained K, Ca and Mg elements as well.
Keywords Blumea balsamifera waste ; biochar ; morphological structure ; organic constituents ; infrared spectrum characteristics ; physical and chemical properties
将艾纳香[Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC.]加工废弃物“艾渣”通過发酵、生物质转化等工艺生产生物微肥、生物质炭是加工废弃物资源化再利用的有效方式,对提高艾纳香加工废弃物的资源化利用水平和资源利用率都具有重要意义[1-2]。前人研究发现,生物炭因具有含碳丰富、比表面积大的、多孔的、性质稳定等特征而在工农业生产中广泛应用,其不仅具有保水保肥[3]、促进作物增产和提高品质的功效[4],还具有提高农业加工废弃物利用水平[2]、提高土壤微生物数量和群落多样性等作用[5]。……
