民国海外学前教育思想引进的模式、路径与内容
2017-05-20朱季康胡金平
朱季康+胡金平
关键词: 近代;学前教育思想;模式;路径;内容
摘要: 民国时期,海外学前教育思想的引进是一种由复制模仿到消化吸收再到自主创新的模式。1919年后,引进的动力逐步加强。在引进的主体上,虽然政府与民间皆有作为,但明显呈现政府为主、民间为辅的格局。其引进的路径主要有译著及近代报刊等媒介;外国学者来华讲学;国外宗教势力传教行为的附带植入;各类学前教育师资培训机构的设立。其引进的内容也十分丰富,包括海外幼儿心理与保育思想、学前教育体制思想、具体学前教育家的教育思想及教育方法、学前教育事业整体认识、学前幼儿关系学思想等。
中图分类号: G619.29文献标志码: A文章编号: 10012435(2017)03036409
Key words: modern times; preschool education thought; mode; path; content
Abstract: During the period of the Republic of China,the introduction of the overseas preschool education thoughts was a kind of mode from copying,digesting and absorbing to independent innovation.After 1919,the introduction power gradually strengthened.Although both the government and the people were the main body,obviously the government was a major role,the folk people are auxiliary.There were four main ways to introduce the thoughts: translations and newspapers,foreign scholars visiting China to give lectures,the influence of foreign religious forces on missionary behavior,the establishment of various preschool teacher training institutions.The introduction of the content was very rich,including the idea of children's psychology and conservation,preschool education system thoughts,specific preschool educators' thoughts,educational ideas and educational methods,the overall understanding of preschool education,the study of preschool children's relationship,etc..
海外學前①教育思想自晚清进入中国,延至民国时期,得到了大规模的引介。分析民国时期海外学前教育思想的引进模式,可以帮助我们整理民国时期海外学前教育思想引进中国的具体内容,亦可在一定程度上反映民国时期海外学前教育思想对中国的影响程度。
一、引进的前提与模式
19世纪前,全球的幼儿养护都处于一种经验习俗式的保育水平。“早教育法並非新发明品,古昔希腊已盛行之。希腊历史上称为天才者,代
①本文所指的“学前教育思想”以19世纪中叶兴起的针对入学前儿童(0~6、7岁)为对象的教育思想。本文不涉及革命根据地的海外学前教育思想引进内容。有其人,皆以受早教育之故。”[1]154但随着欧洲工业革命的进行,育儿矛盾的逐渐显现,学前教育思想在欧洲萌芽并逐渐扩展开来。……
