PDCA循环在体育院校社科类专业实践教学中的运用和启示
2017-03-31张蕾

【摘 要】遵循计划(P)-执行(D)-检查(C)-处理(A)循环理论,对体育院校社科类专业学生的实践教学现状进行了调研和分析。调研结果表明,集中实习和分散实习都存在一个共性问题:理论和实践脱节比较严重,课堂教学与实际需求联系不紧。研究分析认为,实践教学要尊重学生自身发展规律,即自然属性和社会属性。要尊重其个性的差异化、遵循学习的时间规律,合理的安排工作岗位和时间、有针对性的安排工作岗位,以学生为中心,发挥其主动性。改进学生实习方案后发现,尽管仍然和企业要求有一定的差距,但是实习效果有了显著提升。存在的问题将纳入PDCA下一个循环。循环上升的PDCA理论为实践教学问题的分析和解决提出了一个新的研究方向。
【关键词】PDCA循环 体育院校社科类专业 集中实习 分散实习
【基金项目】湖北省教育科学规划2015年度课题(2015GB100)
【中图分类号】G72 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089(2016)34-0295-03
【Abstract】Following the plan (P) - do(D) -check (C) - action(A) cycle theory, the current situation of the practice teaching of social science majors in sports colleges and universities was investigated and analyzed. Research results show that there was a common problem for concentration of internship and decentralized training : theory and practice was out of touch seriously,the actual needs of the classroom teaching is not tight. Study and analysis indicated that practice teaching must respect the student's own law of development, namely the natural and social attribute. To respect the individual differences, follow the law of learning time, reasonable arrangement and work time, targeted work arrangements, to the students as the center, to play their initiative. After Improving the students' Internship Program, There was still a certain gap with the requirements of the enterprise, but the practice effect was significantly improved. The existing problems would be incorporated into the next PDCA cycle.
【key words】PDCA Circulation Social science majors in Physical Education Institutes Concentrated practice Distributed practice
1、引言
体育院校是培养体育类复合型和应用型人才的高校,随着我国体育产业的发展,对此类毕业生的需求迅速增长,社会对其质量、能力的要求也越来越高,尤其是毕业生的实践能力。实践教学是教学活动中极其重要的一个环节,应用型人才应有的操作管理能力,主要获取途径是实践教学活动。但是,受传统教学习惯的影响,大多数高校都存在“重理论,轻应用”、“重计划,轻监控”的现象。学生的毕业实践环节呈现出一种“放羊”的态势,学生对实践环节并不重视。传统的分散实习难监管,学生对新提出的集中实习方式又有一定的抵触情绪。……
