马顺然　周云峰

摘要：目的 探讨肠内营养对食道癌手术患者胃肠道耐受性的影响。方法 选取我院食管癌手术治疗患者88例，采用随机原则分为两组，对照组术后进行全肠外营养，观察组在对照组的基础上进行肠内营养治疗。比较两组患者肛门排气时间、肛门排便时间、住院时间以及术后并发症分析患者胃肠道耐受性。结果 观察组术后的肛门的排气时间为（1.94±0.36）d，肛门的排便时间为（2.53±1.83）d，住院时间为（14.54±3.36）d，术后并发症发生率为6.81%；对照组术后肛门排气时间为（2.78±1.36）d，肛门排气时间为（3.69±1.83）d，住院时间为（21.64±6.01）d，术后并发症发生率为18.18%。经统计学分析，均具有统计学意义（P<0.005）。结论 观察组患者手术后肛门排气式、肛门排便时间、住院时间和并发症发生率均少于对照组，肠内营养治疗有利于增强胃肠道耐受性，是一个有效的加速食管癌患者康复的治疗措施，值得大力推广。

关键词：食管癌；肠内营养；肠外营养；胃肠道

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition on esophageal cancer patients with gastrointestinal tolerability.Methods 88 cases of patients with esophageal cancer surgery in our hospital，were randomly divided into two groups，control group after total parenteral nutrition，the observation group based on enteral nutrition therapy.Comparison of two groups of patients with anal exhaust time，defecation time，time and postoperative complications in patients with gastrointestinal tolerability inpatients.Results The exhaust time of observation group after the anus is（1.94+0.36）d，the anal defecation time for（2.53+1.83）d，hospitalization time was（14.54+3.36）d，the incidence of postoperative complications was 6.81%；the control group anal exhaust time after surgery （2.78+1.36）d，anal exhaust time was （3.69+1.83）d，hospitalization time was（21.64+6.01）d，the incidence rate was 18.18%. by statistical analysis of postoperative complications were statistically significant（P<0.005）.Conclusion Patients with postoperative anal exhaust time， defecation time，and incidence of complications were lower than in control group，enteral nutrition therapy can facilitate enhanced gastrointestinal，is an accelerated rehabilitation in patients with esophageal cancer and effective treatment measures，worth promoting vigorously.

Key words：Esophageal cancer；Enteral nutrition；Parenteral nutrition；Gastrointestinal tract

食管癌是十分常見的恶性肿瘤，它占食管肿瘤的90%以上，是危害人们的生命健康的最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，主要是发生在食管上皮组织。我国属于食管癌发病率极高的国家，占到了全世界新发食管癌病例一半以上，本病随着年龄的增长而增加，一般以60～70岁老年患者常见，目前临床主要采取手术治疗的方法[1-2]。在外科手术、创伤应激条件下，营养风险患者会加速分解代谢，反而导致加剧病人营养不良和引发术后并发症风险增高。然而在围手术期合理使用肠内营养，这种支持治疗方法能一定程度上帮助促进伤口愈合，减少感染并发症，增加胃肠道耐受性，缩短平均住院时间。本文将探讨肠内营养对增强食道癌手术患者胃肠道耐受性的作用，现报告如下。

1 资料与方法