姜振　张癑　杨康　李华文　颜征

【摘 要】 目的：分析下肢靜脉曲张患者中医体质分布特点及生活质量情况，为临床调整体质偏颇以提高下肢静脉曲张患者生活质量提供依据。方法：对304例下肢静脉曲张患者进行调查，填写中医体质调查表及生活质量问卷，判定患者的中医体质类型，评定患者生活质量，探寻中医体质与生存质量之间的关系。结果：下肢静脉曲张患者偏颇体质中最常见的是湿热质、痰湿质和阳虚质（P<0.01）；40～59岁患者最常见的偏颇体质为湿热质、阳虚质（P<0.01），60～80岁患者最常见的偏颇体质为湿热质、痰湿质（P<0.01）；男性患者最常见的偏颇体质为湿热质、痰湿质（P<0.01），女性患者最常见的偏颇体质为湿热质、阳虚质（P<0.01）；下肢静脉曲张患者的生活质量评分所涉及的各个领域中评分最低的是患肢症状，其次是生活领域（P<0.01）；不同年龄段生活质量评分统计学意义（P>0.05），但男性患者的生活质量评分明显高于女性患者（P<0.01）；平和质的生活质量评分高于偏颇体质（P<0.01）。结论：下肢静脉曲张患者的中医体质分布受到多种因素的影响，并且与生活质量与有一定的关系，据此进行体质干预，以期提高下肢静脉曲张患者的生活质量。

【关键词】 下肢静脉曲张；中医体质；生活质量

【中图分类号】R856.2 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517（2017）03-0111-04

Investigation and Analysis on the quality of life and traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution of 304 patients with lower extremity varicose veins

JIANG Zhen1 ZHANG Yue2* YANG Kang3 LI Huawen4 YAN Zheng4

1.2014 master's degree of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Jinan 250014，China；

2.The department of peripheral vascular diseases， Affiliated Hospital of Shandong

University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Jinan 250014，China；

3. Maternal and child health care hospital of Laizhou，Laizhou 261499，China；

4. Graduate student of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Jinan 250014，China

Abstract：Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） constitutions and quality of life of the lower extremitiesvaricose vein.Toprovide the basis for improving the quality of life withadjustment constitution of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods In a survey of 304 patients with lower extremity varicose vein， fill in the constitution of TCM questionnaire and the quality of life questionnaire， to determine the TCM Constitution of patients， the patients quality of life assessment， explore the relationship between TCM Constitution and living quality.Results The most common lower extremity varicose vein is biased constitution of damp heat， phlegm dampness and yang deficiency（P<0.01）.59～40years old patients with the most common biased constitution is damp heat， yang deficiency（P<0.01）.60～80 years old patients with the most common biased constitution for damp heat， phlegm dampness（P<0.01）.The most common biased constitution of male patients is damp heat， phlegm and dampness（P<0.01）.The most common biased constitution of female patients is damp heat and yang deficiency（P<0.01）.The lowest score in the four areas of the quality of life of patients with lower extremity varicose veins is the limb symptoms， followed by the field of life（P<0.01）.There is no significant difference in the quality of life of the different age groups（P>0.05）.The scores of quality of life of male patients are significantly higher than that of female patients（P<0.01）.The quality of life scores ofbalanced constitution are higher than the biased constitution（P<0.01）.Conclusion Physical distribution of TCM patients with varicose vein of lower extremity is affected by many factors. TCM Constitution and quality of life of patients with lower extremity varicose veins have a certain relevance， which can be based on the physical intervention to improve the quality of life of patients with lower extremity varicose veins.

Keywords：Lower Extremity Varicose Vein； Constitution of traditional Chinese Medicine； Quality of life

下肢静脉曲张是临床最常见的疾病之一，以浅静脉的迂曲扩张为主要的特征，严重者可伴有广泛色素沉着、淤积性皮炎或溃疡，而影响患者的生活质量[1]。中医学认为人体的体质是由先天禀赋与后天因素共同作用形成的。在疾病的发生、发展过程中，体质占有重要的作用。个体体质的特殊性往往导致对某种致病因子或疾病的易感性[2]。笔者主要通过对下肢静脉曲张患者中医体质和生活质量的调查，探寻下肢静脉曲张患者的体质分布特点及其与生活质量的关系。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 304例患者来自2015年1月至2016年8月就诊于山东中医药大学附属医院周围血管病科的门诊及住院患者。其中男165例，女139例。年龄20～80岁，平均（54.83±11.24）岁；病程0.33～50年，平均（17.19±10.31）年；发病部位：左下肢95例，右下肢57例，双下肢152例。根据CEAP分级[3]，该组患者临床分类为，C1：5例，C2：18例，C3：42例，C4：167例，C5：45例，C6：27例。……