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阿德福韦酯对慢性乙型肝炎老年患者的肾脏毒性分析

2016-10-28朱敏芳奚骏胡晓凤

上海医药 2016年18期
关键词:慢性乙型肝炎

朱敏芳+奚骏+胡晓凤

摘 要 目的:探讨阿德福韦酯对老年慢性乙型肝炎(乙肝)患者的肾脏毒性。方法:收集2010至2015年收治的对拉米夫丁耐药的HBeAg阳性慢性乙肝患者138例,分为老年组68例和成年组70例,除给予拉米夫丁100 mg/d外,均加用阿德福韦酯10 mg/d治疗。治疗后分阶段进行血清学、病毒学和肾功能检测,观察治疗效果及药物对肾脏的影响。结果:两组治疗前、后的血清生化指标及病毒学指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但治疗96周时,老年组肾功能异常累计发生率为16.18%(11/68),成年组为5.71%(4/70),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗24周时,老年组11例逐渐发生肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降,减量阿德福韦酯后,eGFR水平上升,1例因eGFR持续下降而换药。结论:临床医师应对阿德福韦酯治疗老年慢性乙肝患者在第24周起开始密切监测肾功能变化,发生eGFR下降后减少阿德福韦酯每日用量可改善肾功能。

关键词 慢性乙型肝炎 阿德福韦酯 肾脏毒性

中图分类号:R978.7/R692 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)18-0030-02

Analysis of adefovir dipivoxil on renal toxicity in the elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B

ZHU Minfang, XI Jun, HU Xiaofeng

(Infectious Disease Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 201299, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To study adefovir dipivoxil on renal toxicity in the elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Methods: A total of 138 cases of HBeAg positive CHB who resisted lamivudine in our hospital from 2010 to 2015 were collected and divided into an elderly group with 68 cases and an adult group with 70 cases. In addition to giving lamivudine 100 mg/d, adefovir dipivoxil 10 mg/d was given to all the patients. Serology, virology and kidney function inspections were performed in stages after treatment and treatment effects and influence on kidneys were observed. Results: The comparative differences of serum biochemistry and virology indexes before and after treatment had no statistical significance( P>0.05) . After 96 weeks of treatment, the incidence of renal dysfunction in the elderly was 16.18%( 11/68) , the adult group was 5.71%( 4/70) , and the difference between the two groups had the statistical significance( P<0.05) . After 24 weeks of treatment, decrease of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) appeared in 11 cases of the elderly group and after reducing the dose of adefovir dipivoxil, the level of eGFR increased. One elderly patient changed medicine due to continuous decrease of eGFR. Conclusion: The clinician should closely monitor the kidney change of CHB patients treated with adefovir dipivoxil from the 24th week and reduce the daily dose of adefovir dipivoxil to change the kidney function after decrease of eGFR appears.

KEY WORDS chronic hepatitis B; adefovir dipivoxil; renal toxicity

慢性乙型肝炎(乙肝)是由乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)引起的慢性肝脏疾病,起病隐匿而缓慢,以亚临床型及慢性型较常见,如持续感染可发展为肝硬化及乙肝相关性肝癌。拉米夫定作为第一个抗病毒药物但耐药率较高,2015年各种指南把恩替卡韦和替诺福韦作为一线用药,但拉米夫定因其疗效较佳且价格低廉目前仍在我国临床上广泛使用。当患者发生拉米夫定耐药后,往往加用阿德福韦酯优化治疗。由于阿德福韦酯有肾损害危险[1],本文对此进行了分析,为临床用药提供参考。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

回顾性分析2010年至2015年我院门诊和住院HBeAg阳性慢性乙肝患者中对拉米夫定耐药的138例患者的临床资料,按年龄将患者分成两组,老年组68例,年龄60~74岁,平均66岁;成年组70例,年龄23~56岁,平均43岁。排除急慢性肾病、服用影响肾功能药物者。

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