“支持小组”模式对社区糖尿病患者短期干预效果评估
2016-10-28沈德蕾郭菲娜
沈德蕾+郭菲娜


摘 要 目的:探讨对社区2型糖尿病患者实施“支持小组”短期干预效果。方法:回顾性分析2014年3月至2015年3月2型糖尿病患者102例的临床资料。将患者随机分为对照组48例,采用常规方法管理;试验组54例,采用“支持小组”模式管理,两组均干预3个月。分别采集干预实施时和结束时的相关生化指标及生理指标,采用Deborah的糖尿病自我管理量表进行问卷调查。结果:干预后,试验组和对照组的收缩压分别为(132.22±4.16)mmHg和(134.50±4.45)mmHg,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对照组和试验组的自我管理效能评分分别为(112.96±25.71)分和(137.5±29.48)分,试验组明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:短期内“支持小组”干预模式可明显提高糖尿病患者自我管理效能,可为长期慢病管理及干预措施提供参照依据。
关键词 2型糖尿病 支持小组 自我效能
中图分类号:R587.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)18-0045-02
Evaluation of short-term intervention effect of “support team” mode on the community diabetes patients
SHEN Delei, GUO Feina
(Fenglin Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District, Shanghai 200030, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the short-term intervention effect of the implementation of “support group” on the community patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Clinical data of 102 cases of diabetes mellitus from March 2014 to March 2015 were analyzed retrospectively and those patients were divided into a control group with 48 cases that were managed by the routine method, and an experimental group with 54 cases that were managed by “support team mode”. Both of them were intervened for 3 months. The related biochemical and physiological indexes were collected at the beginning and at the end of the intervention, respectively and a questionnaire survey was carried out with Deborah diabetes self management scale. Results: After the intervention, the systolic blood pressure of the experimental group and the control one were (132.22±4.16) mmHg and (134.50±4.45)mmHg, respectively and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.01). The self management efficacy scores were (112.96±25.71) and (137.5±29.48) in the control group and the experimental group, respectively and the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion: In the short term, the “support group” intervention mode can significantly improve the self-management efficacy of the patients with diabetes, and provide a reference basis for the long-term management of chronic diseases and intervention measure.
KEY WORDS type 2 diabetes; support team; self-efficiency
随着社会经济的发展,高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等慢性非传染性疾病成为基层群众最主要的健康问题,严重影响患者的身心健康,并给个人、家庭和社会带来沉重负担[1]。慢病管理已成为我国社区卫生服务工作的重点之一,其中“以患者为中心”的个体化自我管理策略被广泛认为是最经济、有效的慢病管理模式之一。本中心自2013年起成立了下属全科服务团队的”糖尿病自我管理小组”,定期开展固定患者的集中活动,在患者血糖控制、糖化血红蛋白达标率方面取得了一定的成效。本文探讨应用“支持小组”模式提高患者自我管理的自我效能感及实际效果。
1 对象与方法
1.1 一般资料
采用抽签法在与中心家庭医生签约的在管2型糖尿病患者库中随机抽取同一居住区内3个居委中的2型糖尿病患者120例,均符合2型糖尿病诊断标准,2014年3月至2015年3月血糖控制不佳,无心脑血管并发症,文化程度中学及以上,认知能力完整;……
