上海市松江区洞泾镇普通中小学校学生视力不良情况分析
2016-10-28胡娣
胡娣
摘 要 目的:分析松江区洞泾镇普通中小学校学生视力不良情况,为学校防治学生近视提供合理建议。方法:整群抽取2011-2015年洞泾镇中小学生视力检查资料进行统计和分析。结果:5年中,洞泾镇中小学生视力不良检出率呈上升趋势,中学生视力不良检出率高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=810.66,P<0.05),而且视力不良程度有中度视力低下为主向重度视力低下转化趋势。结论:预防近视应从低年级开始,中学是防治近视的重点,社会、学校和家庭需要共同协作,保护学生视力。
关键词 近视 学校 视力不良
中图分类号:R778.1+5/R179 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2015)18-0057-03
Analysis of low vision of students in elementary and secondary schools of Dongjing Community of Songjiang District, Shanghai
HU Di
(Dongjing Community Health Service Centre of Songjiang District, Shanghai 201619, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the low vision of students in elementary and secondary schools in Dongjing Community of Songjiang District to provide an appropriate suggestion to prevent myopia in schools. Methods: The vision examination data of students in elementary and secondary schools from 2011 to 2015 were chosen in Dongjing Community and analyzed statistically. Results: In 5 years, the rate of low vision of students showed a rising trend in Dongjing Community, and the rate of low vision in secondary schools was higher than that in elementary schools. The difference had the statistical significance(χ2=810.66, P<0.05) . The transformation trend of low vision was from mild low vision to severe low vision. Conclusion: Prevention of myopia should start from the pupils. The secondary school is the focus of prevention and treatment of myopia, and the society, school and family must work together to protect the vision of the students.
KEY WORDS low vision; school; myopia
学生视力不良中,近视患者为大多数。近视在中小学生中的高患病率成为损害青少年视力的主要眼病,被世界卫生组织列为“视觉2020”行动中要求改善、消除的5类眼病之一[1]。据有关报道,中国青少年视力不良患病总人数居世界第一,且处于逐年增加的状态[2]。本文主要分析洞泾镇2011-2015年中小学生视力不良状况及其流行趋势,为预防和控制视力不良提供依据。
1 对象和方法
1.1 对象
整群抽取2011-2015年就读于洞泾镇的普通中小学校学生,视力检查共计8 180人次。2011-2015年小学视力检查人数分别为1 025人、1 102人、1 179人、1 253人、1 257人,共计5 816人次;中学视力检查人数分别为400人、405人、491人、542人、526人,共计2 364人次。
1.2 方法
由经过培训的专业人员对学生进行视力检查。标准[3]:视力低于5.0的为视力低下,其中4.9为轻度视力低下,4.8-4.6的为中度视力低下,4.5及以下的为重度视力低下。双眼视力不等以最低视力统计。
1.3 数据处理
应用SPSS 13.0进行统计和分析,计数资料采用百分率表示,行χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计意义。
2 结果
2.1 不同程度视力不良变化
2011-2015年洞泾镇中小学生轻度视力低下占比为21.16%,中度视力低下占比为43.53%,重度视力低下占比为35.24%,可以看出洞泾镇中小学生以中度视力低下为主。……
