PBL教学法在内科教学中的应用
2012-07-09卢高峰郑鹏远唐芙爱
卢高峰 郑鹏远 唐芙爱
【摘要】 以问题为导向的教学方法(problem—based learning ,PBL)是基于以学生为中心的教育方式,运用在临床医学中是以病例为先导,以问题为基础,以学生为主体,以教师为导向的启发式教育,以培养学生的临床能力为目标。将PBL应用于内科临床理论教学和实习教学能够发挥问题对学习过程的指导作用,调动学生的主动性和积极性。更能提高内科学临床教学的效果。
【关键词】 临床教学;以问题为导向教学方法; 大课讲授法
The Application of PBL Teaching Mode in Clinical Teaching of Internal Medicine/LU Gao—feng, ZHENG Peng—yuan, TANG Fu—ai. // Medical Innovation of China,2012,9(29):141—142
【Abstract】 Clinical teaching is to help students to combine learned basic knowledge and clinical technique that is a vital parts during medicla education.Problem—based Learning(PBL) is a teaching way focusing on student based on the real world.In clinical medicine,it is a method of education leading of cases,based on problems,the subject of studens and teacher—oriented heuristic education and a teaching goal of training studentsability.Using PBL in internal medicine teaching can develop the guidance role of problems during learning and bring the initiative and enthusiasm of students which can improve the effect of internal medicine teaching.
【Key words】 Clinical teaching; PBL; Lecture—based learning
First—authors address: The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Univeristy,Zhengzhou 450014,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674—4985.2012.29.094
医学教学课程体系包括基础医学课和临床医学课。对于临床医学生的培养来说临床医学课专业性最强,实用价值最高,在整个医学教育中最为重要。临床医学是医学科学中研究疾病的诊断、治疗和预防的各专业学科的总称。而对于每个临床学科来讲,如何使学生将课堂理论知识与临床实践顺利的衔接起来、平稳过渡是每个临床医学教师不懈努力探讨的问题。笔者就近年来在内科学理论教学和临床实习教学中应用以问题为导向的教学方法(problem—based learning ,PBL)教学的体会做一浅析。
1 PBL 简介
大课讲授法(lecture—based learning ,LBL)是传统的教学方法,在目前的教学过程中占据主导地位,不可否认,这种传统的教学方法为医学知识得传承和发展做出了巨大贡献,但是这种以教师教授为主的教学方法确实存在学生学习主动性发挥不足,重理论轻实践、灌注多启发少等弊端。全球医学教育最低基本要求(Global Minimum Medical Education,GMER)对医学毕业生应该具备的核心能力进行了界定,提出了医师应该具备的基本能力和素质,涵盖了临床技能和交流技能,批判性思维和研究等多个领域。……
