沈健 吴浪 王可欣

摘  要：国家政策层面大力倡导一批普通本科高校向应用技术类型高校转型，要求教师素质从理论型向“双师型”转变。中青年教师是进行“双师型”教师队伍建设的主要力量，研究其对“双师型”教师队伍建设的积极性影响因素，对改进高校专任教师实践能力，培养造就创新能力强、适应经济社会发展需要的高质量人才有重要意义。本研究基于双因素激励理论，按最大差异的信息饱和法，对66名地方高校中青年教师进行访谈和问卷调查研究，发现影响中青年教师对“双师型”教师队伍建设积极性的保健因素分别在于工资福利和工作环境，激励因素则是对成就感和认可度的追求。高校应充分发挥保健因素和激励因素的核心优势，综合施策以激励广大一线教师对“双师型”教师队伍建设的积极性。

关键词：双因素理论;影响因素;“双师型”教师队伍建设

中图分类号：G645       文献标志码：A          文章编号：2096-000X（2022）20-0164-05

Abstract： National policies strongly advocate the transformation of a number of ordinary universities into application-oriented universities， which requires the transition of teachers from a theoretical type to a double-qualified type. Since young and middle-aged teachers are the main force in the construction of a double-qualified faculty team， it is of great significance to study the factors influencing their motivation for the construction to cultivate high-quality talents to meet the needs of economic and social development by improving the practical ability and innovation ability of full-time teachers in universities. Based on the dual-factor theory， this study， by using the Maximum Difference and Information Saturation Sampling Strategy， conducted a questionnaire survey and interview to 66 young and middle-aged teachers in local universities， and found the factors that affect the motivation of young and middle-aged teachers for the double-qualified faculty team construction， respectively， guarantee factors and incentive factors. Guarantee factors are salary， welfare and working environment， while incentive factors fall into the pursuit of a sense of achievement and recognition. It is recommended that universities should give full play to the core advantages of guarantee factors and incentive factors， and adopt comprehensive measures to stimulate the motivation of front-line teachers for the double-qualified faculty team construction.

Keywords： dual-factor theory; influence factors; the "double-qualified" faculty team construction

现阶段教育的实践性成为国际关注焦点，我国政策层面也高度重视实践教学，强调高校教师提升实践教学能力的重要性。教育部多次提出促进工程教育回归工程，培养造就创新能力强、适应经济社会发展需要的高质量各类型工程技术人才，为国家走新型工业化发展道路、建设创新型国家和人才强国战略服务[1-2]。“教之本在师”，要遵循国家教育政策，培养出实践能力较强的学生，必须切实提高专业教师自身的工程知識、专业技能和工程素养，其实践教学能力才有可能提高。……