上部叶4~6片带茎烘烤对烤烟物理特性和化学成分的影响
2021-11-26单璟吴治兴叶贤文薛建康谷春海丁显龙梅坚黄飞燕
单璟 吴治兴 叶贤文 薛建康 谷春海 丁显龙 梅坚 黄飞燕



摘要 选取云南省安宁烟区的红花大金元品种,使用对照试验,设置3组平行试验,综合分析上部叶4~6片带茎烘烤对烟叶的外观质量和内在品质(即物理特性和化学成分)的影响。结果表明:带茎烘烤烟叶物理特性变异系数较高,稳定性较差,但带茎烘烤烟叶物理特性、化学成分以及综合得分都要好于常规采烤烟叶。上部叶4~6片带茎烘烤能有效提升烟叶的外观质量和内在品质。
关键词 烤烟;带茎烘烤;物理特性;化学成分;综合分析
中图分类号 TS 44+1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)21-0196-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.21.050
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Effects of 4-6 Upper Leaves with Stems on Physical Properties and Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco
SHAN Jing WU Zhi-xing YE Xian-wen1 et al
(1.Anning Branch of Kunming Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan Province, Anning, Yunnan 650300;2.Yunnan Province Urban Characteristic Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214)
Abstract Selected the safflower Dajinyuan variety in Anning tobacco area, used a control experiment, set up three sets of parallel experiments, comprehensively analyzed the appearance quality and internal quality (that is, physical characteristics and chemical composition of the upper leaves of 4-6 leaves with stems). The test results showed that although the physical properties of the stalked-cured tobacco have a higher coefficient of variation and poor stability, the physical properties, chemical components, and comprehensive scores of the stalk-cured tobacco were better than those of conventional flue-cured tobacco. Baking 4-6 upper leaves with stems can effectively improve the appearance and internal quality of tobacco leaves.
Key words Flue-cured tobacco;Stalk-curing;Physical properties;Chemical composition;Comprehensive analysis
基金項目 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司2020年QC活动(ANQC.GG.2020001)。
作者简介 单璟(1997—),男,云南曲靖人,从事烟叶生产技术研究。*通信作者,硕士生导师,博士,从事优质烟叶生产技术研究。
收稿日期 2021-03-09
目前,对上部烟叶的采摘一般采用烟株上留2~3片叶,待大部分烟株的烟叶成熟后再采烤的方法,该方法易引起钾素倒流和烟碱过度积累,形成碱高钾低烟叶,影响上部烟叶的工业利用[1]。同时,由于上部叶叶片厚、含水量小、成熟慢,常规采收方法易使部分烟叶采生,部分烟叶过熟,烤后烟易出现挂灰、青筋、杂色、颜色过深等[2-3],上中等烟比例减少,烟叶可用性降低。如何有效提升烟叶质量是烤烟生产亟待解决的热点问题之一。使用上部叶4~6片一次性带茎烘烤技术,可使上部叶片变得疏松柔软,烟叶色度变浅,减少含青、青痕、僵硬挂灰、杂色,降低烟碱含量[4],改善烟叶外观质量和内在品质,提升上部叶等级结构。……
