小学科学有效课堂探析
2021-10-09罗雯
罗雯

摘要:随着新课改理念的持续推进,学科教育更加重视学生能力的培养,学生全面发展成为教育的重点方向。小学科学课程是一门以培养学生科学素养为宗旨的基础性课程。融入STEM技术,跨领域整合多重方法,激发学生的兴趣。改进实验设计,以学生为主体。以情境推动学生自主发现问题、设计并解决问题,小组合作验证猜想,有效提高课堂效率。开展深度教学,引导学生主动探究,发展学生的实验探究能力,培养学生科学探究意识,提升学生的科学素养。
关键词:科学素养;方法整合;情境教学;有效课堂;主动探究
【Abstract】With the continuous advancement of the new curriculum reform concept, subject education pays more attention to the cultivation of students’ ability, all round development of students has become the key direction of education. Primary school science curriculum is a basic curriculum with the purpose of cultivating students’ scientific literacy. Integrate stem technology, integrate multiple methods across fields, and stimulate students’ interest. Improve the experimental design, with students as the main body. Promote students to find problems by situation, design and solve this problem. Team work to verify the conjecture, effectively improve the efficiency of the classroom. Carry out in-depth teaching, guide students to actively explore, develop students’ experimental inquiry ability, cultivate students’ scientific inquiry consciousness improve students’ scientific literacy.
【Keywords】Science literacy; Method integration; Situated instruction; Effective classroom; Active exploration
小学科学课程是一门以培养学生科学素养为宗旨的基础性课程。新课标倡导科学素养的教学,包含对科学知识的积累和应用,对科学探究的过程和方法的了解与实践,对科学相关的积极向上的情感态度与价值的培养以及对科学、技术、社会与环境的密切关系的认识等[1]。在有限的课堂学习时间,教“无限”的科学知识,迫使科学课程“整合”[2]。如何将思维目标整合成为一个核心目标,根据核心目标提出中心问题,并且所有的活动环节都以解决这个中心问题为主线,呈现出真正适合学生的有效科学课堂,是目前小学科学教学亟待解决的焦点与难点问题。新课改倡导“自主、合作、探究式”的教学,在这一背景之下,教师必须弱化对课堂的主导作用,突显学生的自主能动性,让学生在兴趣的带动下结合生活经验认识到科学、技术、社会与环境的密切联系,同时,通過一定的过程和方法掌握科学知识和技能,助推小学生获得科学素养[3]。……
