燕文娟 李壮苗 余梦婷 池艳红 李施恩

[摘要]目的了解脑卒中偏瘫患者家属对良肢位摆放的认知现状并分析影响因素。方法采用方便抽样选取2020年12月至2021年4月就诊于福建省立医院神经科、康复科脑卒中后偏瘫患者家属120例为研究对象，使用一般资料调查表、良肢位摆放知识问卷开展调查。运用单因素方差分析研究良肢位摆放认知现状并进行多元线性逐步回归分析。结果脑卒中偏瘫患者家属良肢位摆放认知总分为（65.89±15.32）分，得分率为71.62%，多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示年龄、患者住院次数、文化程度是脑卒中偏瘫患者家属良肢位摆放认知水平的影响因素。结论脑卒中偏瘫患者家属良肢位摆放认知属于中等偏上水平。不同年龄、文化程度以及患者住院次数对其具有较大的影响。提示临床医护人员在脑卒中患者康复过程中，应对其家属建立针对性的健康教育模式，以调动患者家属配合康复的积极性与主动性。

[关键词]脑卒中;偏瘫;家属;良肢位摆放;认知水平

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] A  [文章编号]2095-0616（2021）22-0023-04

Cognitive status and influencing factors of good limb position of family members of stroke patients with hemiplegia

YAN  Wenjuan   LI  Zhuangmiao   YU  Mengting   CHI  Yanhong   LI  Shien

School of Nursing， Fujian University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine， Fujian， Fuzhou 350122， China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the cognitive status of family members of stroke patients with hemiplegia on the good limb position and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 120 family members of hemiplegic patients after stroke who visited the Department of Neurology and Department of Rehabilitation of Fujian Provincial Hospital from December 2020 to April 2021 were selected by convenient sampling， and were investigated by general data questionnaire and knowledge questionnaire of good limb position. Univariate analysis of variance was used to study the cognitive status of good limb position， and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors. Results The total score of family members of stroke patients with hemiplegia was （65.89±15.32）， and the scoring rate was 71.62%. The results of multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that age， hospitalization times and educational level were the influencing factors of family members of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Conclusion Family members of stroke patients with hemiplegia have an upper-middle level of understanding of good limb position. Different age， educational level and the number of hospitalizations of patients have great influence. It is suggested that clinical medical staff should establish a targeted health education model for their families during the rehabilitation of stroke patients， so as to arouse the enthusiasm and initiative of their families to cooperate with rehabilitation.

[Key words] Stroke; Hemiplegia; Family members; Good limb position; Cognitive level

目前腦卒中（Stroke）是患者致残的重要原因之一[1]，患者可遗留短暂或永久性功能障碍，最常见的是肢体运动功能障碍，表现为一侧肢体偏瘫[2]。偏瘫患者需进行长期康复治疗，但由于医疗资源、经济条件等限制，80%～90%的患者选择回归家庭或社区[3]。因此，照护患者的重任便落在家属身上，其照护质量直接影响患者的康复结局[4]。良肢位摆放又称抗痉挛体位，是一种以抑制痉挛、恢复身体机能及改善肢体功能为目的的康复手段，在脑卒中早期康复中具有重要的应用价值[5]。……