袁宝东 徐宁 陈继宇 崔立红 袁宝峰 李玲宇 崔玉影

摘要 为了解新立湖湿地公园植物的自然本底，更好地保护生态环境，充分发挥其生态效应，采用121个样方重复调查的方法，对新立湖湖塘堤坝的植物群落进行调查研究。结果表明：新立湖湿地公园有植物51科182种，其中优势种植物6种，分别为香蒲、芦苇、水蒿、葎草、地肤和藜，第一大优势植物为香蒲，第二为芦苇;调查区内的优势种植物与伴生种植物的关系为相互抑制、相互促进、对立统一。最后提出了大力推进稻田养蟹的生产模式、减少除草剂的使用及清除三裂叶豚草的保护建议。

关键词 新立湖湿地公园;植物群落;调查;种类;保护建议

中图分类号 S718.54 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）17-0102-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.028

Abstract In order to understand the natural background of plants in Xinli Lake Wetland Park， better protect the ecological environment and give full play to its ecological effects， the plant communities in the ponds and dams of Xinli Lake were investigated by means of repeated investigation of 121 plots. The results showed that there were 182 species of plants in 51 families in Xinli Lake Wetland Park， among which 6 dominant species were Typha orientalis， Phragmites communis， Artemisia selengensis， Humulus scandens， Kochia scoparia and Chenopodium album. The first dominant plant was Typha orientalis and the second was Phragmites communis. The results of investigation and observation also showed that the relationship between the dominant species and the associated species in the survey area was： mutual inhibition， mutual promotion， unity of opposites.Some suggestions for the protection of plant diversity were put forward， such as vigorously promoting the production mode of crab culture in rice field， reducing the use of herbicides， and eliminating ragweed.

Key words Xinli Lake Wetland Park;Plant community;Investigation;Species;Protection suggestions

新立湖濕地公园位于辽宁省锦州市北镇东南部新立农场境内，地理坐标为122°01′23″～122°04′43″E，41°22′07″～41°24′21″N。湖区由绕阳河与羊肠河交汇而成，距离北镇市区约30 km。湖区南起北镇市与盘锦市分界线，北接新立农场，东起绕阳河右河堤，西边为湖区干堤。湿地公园占地总面积为727.98 hm2。目前有关于湿地植物群落调查研究的报道较多[1-6]，但湿地公园湖塘堤坝植物群落调查研究却鲜见报道。为全面了解新立湖湿地公园生态系统的变化，掌握湖塘堤坝的植物自然本底，更好地发挥其生态效应，笔者对其植物群落进行调查研究。

1 调查研究方法

1.1 样方类型

新立湖湿地公园堤坝上灌木极少，因此，调查样方类型仅设草本群落样方和乔木群落样方。

1.2 样方大小及数量

草本群落样方为正方形，边长3 m，面积为9 m2。……