郭涛 姜艳芳 王海凤 张焕霞 房文文 薛芳 许增海 张士永

摘要 [目的]比较山东沿黄稻区麦茬直播种植的高产、优质水稻品种。[方法]通过适当晚播，考察品种的生育期、产量、品质等指标，明确其产量形成特征，对筛选品种适应性和品质进行评价。[结果]不同水稻品种的生育期存在显著差异，立香85、隆优419等6个品种在该地区麦茬直播不能正常成熟;吉宏6号、秋田小町、HN-2019-93等10品种可以正常成熟，但产量存在显著差异，产量在3 993.00～8 440.95 kg/hm2;稻米品质分析表明，试验品种食味值在77.0～80.5，直链淀粉含量在17.9%～19.7%;淀粉RVA分析其淀粉特性表明，峰值黏度在2 303～2 839 cP，崩解值在1 077～1 327 cP，消减值在-314～63 cP。[结论] HN-2019-79和吉宏6号品种最适合该地区麦茬直播种植，产量在6 000 kg/hm2以上，食味品质优。

关键词 麦茬直播稻;产量;品质;淀粉RVA

中图分类号 S511 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）17-0030-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.008

Abstract [Objective] Direct-seeding rice varieties following wheat were studied with high-yield and high-quality in the yellow rice area of Shandong Province. [Method] The adaptability and quality of the selected rice varieties were evaluated with the characters of growth period， grain yield and quality through proper late sowing condition. [Result] There were significant differences in the growth period of different rice varieties. Six varieties including Lixiang 85 and Longyou 419 could not mature under this condition. Ten varieties including Jihong 6， Akitakomachi and HN-2019-93 could normally mature， but there were significant differences in yield between 3 993.00 and 8 440.95 kg/hm2. The analysis of rice quality showed that the taste value was between 77.0-80.5， and the amylose content was 17.9%-19.7%， respectively. Starch RVA analysis showed that the peak viscosity was 2 303-2 839 cP， the breakdown viscosity was 1 077-1 327 cP， and the setback viscosity was from -314 to 63 cP. [Conclusion] According to the test results， HN-2019-79 and Jihong 6 varieties were suitable for direct-seeding materials in this area following wheat with yield more than 6 000 kg/hm2 and excellent quality.

Key words Direct-seeding rice following wheat;Yield;Quality;Starch RVA profile

水稻是山東沿黄地区传统作物，种植历史悠久，是低洼易涝和部分盐碱地区主要粮食作物。近年来，水稻种植面积不断萎缩，除水资源条件外，关键制约因素在于生产成本上升、种植效益下降。传统水稻生产中育苗、插秧环节需要耗费大量的劳动力，而且劳动强度大，同时由于农村劳动力向城市转移、人口老龄化，高强度的插秧工作越来越难持续。因此，选择适宜的水稻品种在麦收后进行直播种植，降低生产成本已迫在眉睫。

近年来，黄淮稻区直播稻面积呈不断扩大趋势，不同学者针对直播稻生产存在的问题开展了品种筛选、播期播量和病虫草害防控等多方面研究。……