付佳维 陈龙淼 赵鹏举

摘  要：高等院校的兵器类专业承担着为兵器行业培养创新人才的重任，在新工科改革形势下，优化专业培养方案，加强创新能力培养，提升人才质量，支撑兵器行业发展，势在必行。结合新工科的创新本质要求和力学的双重属性，文章提出了对兵器专业学生强化力学素质教育的观点。通过对现有培养方案中基础力学课程体系主要缺陷的分析，提出了改革兵器专业基础力学教育的三点思路：一是重视力学教育，优化力学课程体系，适度增加力学课程课时量;二是紧紧抓住固体力学在力学教学中的核心地位，开设固体力学基础课程，培养学生力学建模能力;三是开设力学前沿选修课，开阔学生视野，提高科研能力。

关键词：兵器专业;新工科;力学;课程改革

中图分类号：G642       文献标志码：A          文章编号：2096-000X（2021）18-0127-04

Abstract： The weapon majors in colleges and universities take the responsibility for training creative talents for weapon industry. To meet the reformation requirements of "new engineering"， it is imperative to optimize the training program of weapon majors and enhance the innovation ability of talents to achieve higher qualities. By comparing the innovation nature of emerging engineering with the dual properties of mechanics， it is proposed in current paper that the mechanics ability of students in weapon majors should be enhanced. After analyzing the disadvantages of mechanics curriculums in the current training program， three suggestions are put forward to reform the main courses in mechanics. Firstly， the education on mechanics should be taken enough care of， the contents of mechanics courses need optimization， and credits of mechanics courses can be increased properly. Secondly， taking consideration of the core role of solid mechanics in mechanics， the course of foundations of solid mechanics is advised to set up， and the mechanical modelling ability of students will be promoted. Finally， optional courses on the frontier of mechanics are offered for interested students， which will broaden their view in mechanics and improve their research abilities.

Keywords： weapon major; new engineering; mechanics; curriculum reformation

一、“新工科”的创新要求

“新工科”的概念自2016年被提出以来[1]，教育部在2017年上半年召开了三次大型研讨会，形成了“复旦共识”[2]、“天大行动”[3]、“北京指南”[4]，在新工科的内涵、发展蓝图、发展模式、路径选择等方向给出了纲领性指示，拉开了我国新时期工科专业建设改革的大幕。会议指出，第四次工业革命正在迅速展开，世界高等工程教育面临新挑战新机遇，我国正在通过“中国制造2025”“一带一路”“网络强国”等重大战略实施创新驱动发展，高等工程教育已经处于新的历史起点，建设新的工科专业，发展工科专业的新模式势在必行。基于此，教育部于2018年初确定了首批612项新工科研究与实践项目，根据高校的不同层次，划分成三组开展新工科建设。……