林丽凡

摘  要：在小学教育阶段，学生辨别是非的能力还未形成，其行为习惯与价值观念的塑造，都需要教师与家长的悉心引导。而道德与法治课程是教师培养学生三观的重要途径，这就对小学道德与法治课程的教学标准提出了更高的要求。教师应在教学中多做一些新的尝试，改正以往教学中出现的问题，提升小学道德与法治教学的有效性，帮助学生塑造良好的品格。文章对小学道德与法治教学中存在的问题作了简要分析，并针对问题提出了几点优化策略，以供大家参考。

关键词：小学;道德与法治;有效性;教学策略

【中图分类号】G621         【文献标识码】A       【文章编号】1005-8877（2021）15-0155-02

【Abstract】At the stage of elementary education，the ability of students to distinguish right from wrong has not yet been formed，and the shaping of their behavior habits and values requires the careful guidance of teachers and parents. The curriculum of morality and rule of law is an important way for teachers to cultivate students' three views，which puts forward higher requirements for the teaching standards of the curriculum of morality and rule of law in primary schools. Teachers should make more new attempts in teaching，correcting the problems that have appeared in previous teaching，improving the effectiveness of primary school ethics and rule of law teaching，and helping students shape good characters. The article briefly analyzes the existing problems in the teaching of ethics and rule of law in primary schools，and proposes several optimization strategies for the problems for your reference.

【Keywords】Primary school;Morality and rule of law;Effectiveness;Teaching strategy

道德与法治课程的开设，旨在培养学生的优良品德，落实学校德育教育工作。这一课程内容具有灵活性、开放性的特点，这就更利于教师在教学活动中提高学生主动性，将他们在学习中的主体地位突出出来。然而，在实际的教学活动中，教学情况却与之恰恰相反。针对此种问题，教师应积极地探索解决方案，提出具有可行价值的教学策略，以提升小学道德与法治教学的有效性。

1.小学道德与法治教学中存在的问题

虽说在教育改革工作持续推进过程中，小学道德与法治课堂教学有了较大的进步且取得了一定的优异成绩和成就，但是这并不意味着当下的小学道德与法治课堂教学是尽善尽美、合理与科学的，通过实际调研发现，当下小学道德与法治课堂仍旧存在一些问题，可归纳、总结为以下几种：