张挺　许莉　范冰辉　王志滨　钟旭盼

摘  要：目前，BIM课程建设中存在许多问题，如模型的案例项目较为简易且与实际相差较大;项目之间衔接不完善，对项目的模型未成体系;BIM课程培养方案主要目的是让学生学会相关软件，往往忽略了学生的兴趣培养等;目前这类课程的开设重点集中在一流院校，并把对BIM应用的研究重点放在研究生上;课程设计相互间联系不够紧密，课程设计一般不考虑工程的复杂多变等问题。基于顶石课程理念，在实践教学环节引入BIM技术、在毕业设计方面对BIM技术做要求以及基于顶石课程的BIM课程设置，把BIM技术融入到实践教学中，练习BIM的实际操作，在毕业设计开设BIM方向，既可以让学生了解关于BIM的理论技术，掌握BIM技术的基本应用，在以后就业中使学生更能满足用人单位的需求，也可以提高实践教学质量，实践教学中存在的一些不足能够得到解决。

关键词：顶石课程;BIM课程建设;实践教学;毕业设计;多学科学习;工学结合

中图分类号：G642 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）01-0070-04

Abstract： There are many problems in the construction of BIM courses： the simple case project of the model; the imperfect connection between the projects， the unsystematic model of the project， the ignorance of the cultivation of students' interests， etc.; at present， the opening of such courses focuses on first-class colleges and universities and focus on the research of BIM application to graduate students; curriculum design is not closely related to each other， and generally does not consider the complexity of engineering and other issues. Based on the concept of top stone course， BIM Technology is introduced into practice teaching， the requirements for BIM Technology in graduation design and the BIM curriculum based on top stone course. BIM Technology is integrated into practice teaching， practice the actual operation of BIM， and the direction of BIM in graduation design can not only let students understand the theory and technology of BIM， but also master the basic application of BIM Technology. In the future， In the future employment， students can better meet the needs of employers and improve the quality of practical teaching. Some shortcomings in practical teaching can be solved.

Keywords： Capstone course; BIM course construction; practical teaching; graduation project; multidisciplinary learning; work-integrated learning

一、顶石课程的内涵

“顶石”是指在建造拱桥、拱廊等建筑物时而在建筑物顶端架设的石头，能够增强整体结构，所以顶石的搭建意味着工程的顺利完成。顶石课程，是建筑的“顶石”术语与心理学“顶峰体验”概念的巧妙结合。“顶石课程”引申到本科的教育领域中，相当于为了让本科毕业生培养整合、分析和总结本科所学知识的能力而专门开设的相关课程，增强了学生对本科知识的整体表达。……