周泳　张云峰　杨诗源　曹满

摘  要：顶石课程是近年来国内外高校本科教育改革重要转变之一，其核心以学生为本，以產业发展为导向，帮助学生总结已有知识的基础上，指导学生深入开展专业实践活动，衔接学生的教育经历与毕业后的职业生涯，进一步促进产教融合，推动产业与技术发展。在顶石课程发展过程中，各国教育界学者基于各自专业特色，不断探索适于学生参与的教学模式，并逐步突破传统，使职业教育与创新性教育理念进一步增强。文章综合国内外各类顶石课程教学模式，分析具体案例，提出创新路径，希冀为各类高校顶石课程建设，培养更高水平“卓越工程师”提供借鉴。

关键词：顶石课程;卓越工程师;产教融合;教学改革

中图分类号：G642        文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）01-0024-04

Abstract： In recent years， the capstone course is one of the important teaching reform of higher education at home and abroad. It takes students as the main body， helps students sum up the knowledge which has been already learned in school， guides students to carry out professional practice activities in depth， and bridges from school to work. It takes industry-oriented， promoting the cooperation of industry and education， and improving the level of industry and technology. During the development of the capstone course， based on professional characteristics， the scholars who worked at the university continue to explore teaching models for students' participation， and to break traditions for vocational education and innovative education. In the end， the education achieved sustainable development. By analyzing the specific capstone courses were in domestic and foreign， hope to provide a reference for the construction of the capstone courses in various colleges and universities， and to train higher-level excellent engineers.

Keywords： capstone course; excellent engineer; school enterprise cooperation; teaching reform

一、概述

顶石课程是在美国高校本科教育改革中发展起来的一门课程，其以体验式教学、团队协作式课程组织、形式多样的教学手段和多元化考核评估的课程实施方式，在整合学生知识、提升综合素质及促进学校教学方面发挥了积极作用[1]。

早在上世纪70年代，顶石课程的理念和实践在美国的本科教学研究和实践中已有零星展现，二十世纪八十年代欧美高校开始出现较多的倡议、探索和实践。21世纪以来，顶石课程在欧美高校得到普遍采纳和认可，越来越多的欧美知名高校在触类旁通的专业为本科生开设了顶石课程[2]。同时，各国教育科学研究领域专家……