张明　吴钰莹　胡付兰　胡东生

摘  要：目的：评价案例教学法在临床医学专业硕士研究生医学统计学教学中的应用效果。材料与方法：选择某大学2019级临床医学专业硕士研究生作为研究对象，采用案例教学方法教学，在课程开始前及结束后，通过问卷调查获得学生对该教学方法的接受程度及教学效果。结果：97.92%的學生喜欢案例教学法，93.75%的学生认为较好地掌握了医学统计学基本理论与方法，与开课前的4.26%较好掌握率相比，具有显著的统计学差异（Fisher精确x2检验，P<0.001）。在课程结束后，89.58%的学生回答会进行医学科研数据分析，显著高于开课前的14.89%（x2=17.64，P<0.001），且有41.67%的学生在学习期间对实际科研数据进行过分析，与开课前的6.38%相比，差异具有非常显著的统计学意义（Fisher精确x2检验，P<0.01）。95.83%的学生对整体教学安排、教学组织实施及教学效果表示满意。结论：在医学统计学教学中采用的案例教学方法受到学生喜爱，学生满意度高，能够显著提高教学效果。

关键词：医学统计学;案例教学;临床医学;硕士研究生;教学效果

中图分类号：G642 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）07-0120-04

Abstract： Objective： To evaluate the application effect of case-teaching method of medical statistics for clinical medical graduate students. Methods： The study participants were clinical medical graduate students who entered in 2019 for graduate program training in a university. The case-teaching method was used to teach medical statistics. The acceptability and teaching effect for case-teaching were evaluated by questionnaire interview before and after the course. Results： The study indicated that 97.92% of the students favorably accept case-teaching method， and 93.75% of them answered they have mastered well for basic theories and methods of medical statistics which was statistically significantly higher than the 4.26% at the beginning of the course. 89.58% of the students indicated that they could do data analyses and this was significantly higher than that at the beginning of the course （14.89%）. 41.67% of them did data analyses related to their own research projects which was significantly higher than that at the beginning of the course（6.38%）. 95.83% of the students were satisfactory for the general arrangement of the teaching plan， implementation， and effect. Conclusion： The clinical medical graduates are favorably accept case-teaching method of medical statistics， and this teaching method can enhance the teaching effect significantly.

Keywords： medical statistics; case-teaching; clinical medicine; graduate students; teaching effectiveness

医学统计学是探讨医学科研设计、数据收集、数据管理与分析，并通过检验研究中存在抽样误差大小对研究结果的影响后，将基于样本的研究发现推论至总体的一门重要基础学科。医学统计学的基本理论、方法及思维贯穿临床医学研究的全过程[1-2]。由于医学统计学的基础学科是数学及概率统计学，对于习惯于医学思维的临床医学专业硕士研究生来说，学习与正确应用医学统计学具有较大难度，因此导致了医学统计学方法的大量误用[3-4]、过度应用[5]或没有应用统计学方法处理科研数据的现象[6-7]。传统的医学统计学教学方法是大课讲授理论知识为主，辅以一定学时的实习甚至没有实习，这样的教学方法与实际应用脱节，教学效果不佳[8-10]。“案例教学法”让学生带着问题学习，可以有效激发学生的求知欲;合适的教学案例是开展案例教学的核心，是决定教学效果的一个关键环节[11-12]。……