常翔

摘要：泰国军人集团在2014年军事政变后长期掌权，巴育政府凭借政治特权获得选举优势，最终在2019年大选中击败为泰党和新未来党获得连任，成为泰国首个成功转型民选政府的政变军人政权。军人集团为进一步控制国会、巩固执政优势，利用司法系统打压和解散新未来党，导致与“亲西方民主派”矛盾加剧。巴育政府“军转民”成功和压制“亲西方民主派”政治势力，造成对西方意识形态和政治利益的双重挑战，最终西方势力利用泰国“亲西方民主派”团体在2020—2021年发动以推翻巴育政府和君主立宪制度为目的的“颜色革命”。 本文以泰国国内政治视角对泰国“颜色革命”的历史背景和发展阶段进行梳理，研究泰国“颜色革命”的动因及特点。

关键词：颜色革命;西方;意识形态;泰国;巴育政府

[中图分类号] D833.6             [文献标识码]  A                [文章编号] 1003-2479（2021）04-075-10

Motivation and Characteristics of “Color Revolution”（2020-2021） in Thailand

CHANG Xiang

Abstract： The Thai military junta has been in power for a long time since the military coup in 2014 and the Prayut Chan-o-cha administration gained the electoral advantage with its political privileges. It ended up defeating the Pheu Thai Party and the Future Forward Party in the 2019 general election and won the second term in a row， becoming the first military coup regime in Thailand that has successfully transformed into a democratically elected government. In order to further control the congress and consolidate its ruling advantage， the military junta used the judicial system to suppress and dissolve the Future Forward Party， which led to the intensification of contradictions with the Pro-Western Democrats. The Prayut Chan-o-cha administration's successful military-to-civilian transition and its suppression of Pro-Western Democrats political forces caused double challenges to the Western ideology and political interests. Finally， the West took advantage of the Pro-Western Democratic groups in Thailand to launch the “color revolution” with the purpose of overthrowing the Prayut Chan-o-cha's administration and the constitutional monarchy during 2020-2021. From the perspective of Thai politics， this paper sorts out the historical background and development stages of the “color revolution” in Thailand， and studies the motivation and characteristics of the color revolution in Thailand.

Key Words： Color Revolution; The West; Ideology; Thailand; Prayut Chan-o-chas Administration

“顏色革命”是指西方国家和势力利用基于自身意识形态创造的“自由民主”和“普世价值观”话语权，通过煽动、资助和支持其他国家内部“亲西方民主派”反对者，以扰乱国家社会秩序、颠覆政权的方式，最终达到“弱化、西化、分化”其他国家的目标①。牛新春、房宁等② 提出，美国在伊拉克战争后为了维护自身利益，进一步提出通过进攻性的外交、军事和经济等手段向全球推广西方意识的“全球民主战略”。张坤③ 提出，西方对目标国家和地区意识形态领域的侵蚀和占领，伴随着整个“颜色革命”的过程。

西方国家和势力策动的“颜色革命”最初是针对中亚和东欧的独联体国家，此后逐渐向中东、东亚和北非等地区扩散。……