陈世伦 邓小云

摘要：菲律宾—柬埔寨关系深受中美两国影响。冷战时期的菲柬关系缘起于美国牵头组建的东南亚条约组织，但因为相关国家阵营不同和战乱而发展曲折缓慢。后冷战时期的菲柬关系不断取得进展，但因南海问题的立场分歧而紧张。2016年杜特尔特上台后，菲律宾政府将外交重心从争取南海主权转向服务于国内经济建设，菲柬政治交往显著加强，两国在经济领域的竞合成为影响两国关系的重要因素。菲柬两国在国际市场上主要是竞争关系，在国内市场则有较大的合作空间。虽然COVID-19疫情给两国经贸合作增加了不确定性，但是总体上双边贸易稳定发展，双向投资亦保持良好势头。

关键词：菲律宾—柬埔寨关系;东南亚条约组织;南海问题;经济竞合

[中图分类号] D834.1            [文献标识码]  A                [文章編号] 1003-2479（2021）04-050-09

The Relations Between the Philippines and Cambodia From the Perspective of Geopolitics （1945-2021）

CHEN Shilun，   DENG Xiaoyun

Abstract： The relations between the Philippines and Cambodia are significantly influenced by China and the United States. During the Cold War， the Philippines-Cambodia relations originated from the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization （SEATO） led by the U. S.， but experienced twists and turns in their development because of different camps and wars. In the post-Cold War period， the ties between the two have made continuous progress， but they have been strained due to different positions on the South China Sea Issue. Since Duterte took office in 2016， the Philippine government has shifted its diplomatic focus from striving for sovereignty in the South China Sea to serving its domestic economic development， which has boosted the Philippine and Cambodia political connections and made economic competition and cooperation become major factors affecting bilateral relations. The two countries are mainly competitive in the international market， but have a larger space for cooperation in the domestic market. Although the outbreak of the COVID-19 raises uncertainty of bilateral economic and trade cooperation， bilateral trade has been developing steadily and two-way investment has maintained a sound momentum on the whole.

Key Words： Relations between the Philippines and Cambodia; The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization; The South China Sea Issue; Economic Competition and Cooperation

2021年2月，菲律宾新任驻柬埔寨大使玛丽亚·阿梅利塔·阿基诺（Maria Amelita Aquino）赴任，在接受柬埔寨主流媒体《高棉时报》（Khmer Times）采访时表示，菲柬关系还有很长的路要走①。诚如大使所言，菲柬两国关系发展曲折。两国于1957年正式建交，在1975年“红色高棉”攻入柬埔寨金边后外交关系中断20年，进入21世纪后又因南海问题立场不同而多次发生外交冲突，直至2016年菲律宾总统杜特尔特执政后，两国交往才全面深化。菲柬两国没有领土接壤，看似没有直接的利益纠纷，但两国在国际关系中长期纠缠，其中一大原因是深受东南亚地缘政治的影响。美国地缘政治学家尼古拉斯·斯皮克曼（Nicholas Spykman）提出“边缘地带理论”，认为控制了欧亚大陆的边缘地带等于控制了欧亚大陆，控制了欧亚大陆等于控制了世界①。……