陈勇辉 王云辉 王伟 王娜 张端平

摘 要 目的：了解上海新桥镇校园卫生保健相关岗位人员对流感疫苗接种意愿和认知情况，探讨提高卫生保健相关岗位人员流感疫苗接种率的方法。方法：采用整群抽样方法调查上海新桥镇社区427名校园卫生保健相关岗位人员的流感疫苗认知和接种意愿。其中男性占6.97%；女性占93.21%。结果：77.99%的调查对象认为校园工作人员需要接种流行性感冒疫苗，但2015年1月至2019年1月，调查对象的接种率仅为3.75%。班主任的接种意愿相对较低，学校的人员对流感疫苗接种相关知识知晓率显著低于幼儿园（90.08%比95.42%，P=0.037）。權威机构证实安全有效、疫苗免费或纳入医保、疫苗大范围使用对调查对象接种意愿影响较大。结论：上海新桥镇社区校园卫生保健相关岗位人员流感疫苗接种率较低，应制定针对性的政策措施提高校园卫生保健相关岗位工作人员对流感疫苗的认知和接种率。

关键词 流行性感冒；疫苗；预防接种；校园；认知

中图分类号：R211 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）04-0058-05

Investigation of willingness and cognition of influenza vaccination among health care related position staff in a community campus in Shanghai

CHEN Yonghui1， WANG Yunhui1*， WANG Wei1， WANG Na2， ZHANG Duanping1（1. Prevention and Health Care Department of Xinqiao of Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District， Shanghai 201612， China； 2. Key Laboratory of Public Health and Safety of Ministry of Education of School of Public Health of Fudan University， Shanghai 200032， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the willingness and awareness of influenza vaccination among health care related position staff in the Campus of Xinqiao Community of Shanghai to explore the method to improve the vaccination rate of influenza vaccine among health care related position staff. Methods： A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the influenza vaccine awareness and vaccination willingness of 427 health care related position staff in the Campus of Xinqiao Community of Shanghai. Among them， the male accounted for 6.97%， the female accounted for 93.21%. Results： 77.99% of the respondents believed that campus staff needed to be vaccinated against influenza， however， from January 2015 to January 2019， the vaccination rate of survey respondents was only 3.75%. The willingness of the head teacher to vaccinate was relatively low， the awareness rate of influenza vaccination related knowledge in school staff was significantly lower than that in kindergarten ones （90.08% vs 95.42%， P=0.037）. Authoritative agencies confirmed that they were safe and effective， the vaccine was free or included in medical insurance， and the wide-scale use of the vaccine had a greater impact on the survey respondents willingness to vaccinate. Conclusion： The influenza vaccination rate in health care related position staff in the community campus of Xinqiao Community， Shanghai is low. Targeted policies and measures should be formulated to improve the awareness and vaccination rate of influenza vaccines among staff in school health care related positions.

KEY WORDS influenza； vaccine； vaccination； campus； cognition

流行性感冒（简称流感）是由流感病毒引起的一种常见病毒性急性呼吸道传染病，容易在学校等集体单位爆发流行[1]。流感疫苗是预防流感发生，控制流感流行的有效手段[2]。而疫情的控制离不开校园行政领导、班主任、普通老师、保健老师、后勤等卫生保健相关岗位人员的共同努力。这些岗位对流行性感冒疫苗的接种认知、接种行为直接影响着学生对流行性感冒疫苗的认知和行为。……