黄敏 代家安 李婷姗 王杨

摘 要 目的：了解云南省雙柏县法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征，为传染病防控提供科学依据；方法：收集整理2015-2019年中国疾病预防控制疾病监测信息报告管理系统中双柏县报告的法定传染病监测数据，分析法定传染病的流行特征。结果：2015-2019年云南省双柏县无甲类传染病报告，累计报告法定传染病18种共2 344例，年平均发病率为287.89/10万；其中乙类传染病11种1 082例，年平均发病率为132.89/10万；丙类传染病7种1 262例，年平均发病率155.00/10万。手足口病、肺结核、其他感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、梅毒是严重威胁双柏县居民健康的主要病种；农民、散居儿童和幼托儿童是当地法定传染病的高危人群。结论：双柏县传染病监测工作成效明显；双柏县应重点防控手足口病、肺结核、其他感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、梅毒等传染性疾病，加强传染病健康宣教，重点落实肠道和呼吸道传染病监测，做到早发现、早诊断。

关键词 法定传染病；发病率

中图分类号：R181.8 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）04-0037-04

Analysis of epidemic situation of legal infectious diseases in Shuangbai County， Yunnan from 2015 to 2019

HUANG Min1， DAI Jiaan2， LI Tingshan2， WANG Yang2（1. Department of Prevention and Health Care of Jiading Industrial Zone Community Health Service Center of Jiading District， Shanghai 201815， China； 2. Shuangbai County Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture， Yunnan Province 675199， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the incidence trend and epidemic characteristics of legal infectious diseases in Shuangbai County of Yunnan Province for providing scientific basis for infectious disease prevention and control. Methods： The surveillance data of legal infectious diseases reported by Shuangbai County in China disease prevention and control disease surveillance information reporting management system from 2015 to 2019， were collected and sorted out and the epidemic characteristics of legal infectious diseases was analyzed. Results： There were no reports of Class A infectious diseases in Shuangbai County from 2015 to 2019， a total of 2 344 cases of 18 legal infectious diseases were reported， and an average annual incidence rate was 287.89/100 000； of which， there were 1 082 cases of 11 types of Class B， and an average annual incidence rate was 132.89/100 000； there are 1 262 cases of 7 types of Class C， and an average annual incidence rate was 155.00/100 000. Hand， foot and mouth disease， tuberculosis， other infectious diarrhea， viral hepatitis， and syphilis were the main diseases that seriously threatened the health of residents in Shuangbai County； farmers， scattered children and children in kindergartens were high-risk groups of local legal infectious diseases. Conclusion： The surveillance of infectious diseases in Shuangbai County has achieved remarkable results； Shuangbai County focuses on the prevention and control of hand， foot and mouth disease， tuberculosis， other infectious diarrhea， viral hepatitis， syphilis and other infectious diseases； it strengthens health education on infectious diseases， and focuses on intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases monitoring for early detection and early diagnosis.

KEY WORDS legal infectious disease； incidence

云南省双柏县地广人稀，地处山区，交通不便，地方经济主要靠种植业，人群以农民为主。近年来，随着我国城镇化建设的发展，城市人口出现了较大的流动性，导致传染病的流行特征出现了新的变化[1]。传染病不仅危害人类健康，而且影响经济发展和社会稳定[2]。本文旨在分析2015-2019年云南省双柏县法定传染病的发病趋势和流行病学特征，为今后制定传染病防控策略提供科学依据。

1 材料和方法

1.1 资料