冯晓萌 雷云格 张茵茵 邓琳 杨志明 冯晶红

摘要 居住区绿地是城市绿地系统中与居民生活关系最为密切的场所，居住区绿化水平是评价城市人居环境宜居性的重要指标。在对武汉市居住区植物景观进行实地调研的基础上，选取其中48个功能性植物景观单元，运用层次分析法（AHP）构建居住区植物景观评价体系，对植物景观进行综合评价。结果表明：准则层权重值排序从高到低依次为生态功能（0.588 9）、服务功能（0.251 8）、美学功能（0.159 3）。指标层中前3位权重值排序为植物与植物的协调共生性（0.159 9）、植物的滞尘能力（0.083 9）、植物的固碳释氧能力（0.083 9）。所选居住区植物景观评价综合结果是Ⅰ级共13个，占总数的27.1%;Ⅱ级35個，占总数的72.9%;无Ⅲ级，表明武汉市主城区居住区植物景观整体较好。基于评价结果，推荐了5个优秀的植物景观配置模式，并对每种模式进行分析，提出优化发展策略，为居住区植物景观的建设提供一定实践指导。

关键词 居住区绿地;植物景观;层次分析法;评价体系

中图分类号 S731.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0092-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.024

Abstract Residential green space is the most related places to the residents in the urban green space system. The green level of residential areas is also one of important elements to evaluate the quality of the urban living environment. Based on the field investigation of the plant landscape in Wuhan residential area， 48 functional plant landscape units were selected， the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） was used to construct the evaluation system of plant landscape in residential area， and to make a comprehensive evaluation of plant landscape. The results showed that the order of weight value of criterion layer was ecological function （0.588 9）， service function （0.251 8） and aesthetic function （0.159 3）. In the index layer， the first three weighted values were the coordination and symbiosis between plants （0.159 9）， the ability of dust retention （0.083 9）， and the ability of carbon fixation and oxygen release （0.083 9）. The results of evaluation showed that there were thirteen plant landscape units at the level of Ⅰ， accounting for 27.1% of the total units that were evaluated， thirty-five units at the level of Ⅱ， accounting for 72.9% of the total， and the number of units at the level of Ⅲ was zero. The results indicated that the quality of plant landscape in Wuhan residential area was preferable as a whole. Based on the results of the evaluation， five excellent plant arrangement modes were recommended and analyzed.And the optimal development strategy was proposed to provide some practical guidance for the construction of residential plant landscape.

Key words Residential green space;Plant landscape;Analytic hierarchy process;Evaluation system

随着城市化进程的推进，城市生态环境尤其是居住区环境种种弊病和矛盾突出。居住区是人们日常活动频度最高的场所之一，与居民日常生活关系最为密切，而居住区内绿地品质最为直接地影响居民的生活舒适性，植物又是衡量居住区绿地品质的重要景观要素之一[1-2]，合理的植物配置不仅可以改善生态环境，提高景观质量，而且可以愉悦身心，给人美的享受[3]。因此，在居住区绿地生态规划建设过程中，绿地植物景观的优劣已逐渐成为评价居住区是否宜居的一个重要指标。……