陈超

[摘要] 电离辐射生物学效应实验教学课程是传统医学教育中的重要课程之一，在放射生物学、放射损伤临床学、放射治疗学和辐射防护学等课程中也是重点教学内容。其主要包括电离辐射的细胞学损伤、躯体损伤效应及遗传效应。传统教学法长期以理论的解释和动物模型辅助教学，学生缺乏动物解剖的互动认知和学习过程的感性认识，只能被动灌输式学习，继而失去学习热情，学习效果差，教师预期的教学目的也无法达成。因此，增加动物解剖学互动教学引导调动学生学习的主动性，增加与学生的互动交流显得极为重要。本研究通过动物解剖的互动式教学相结合生物效应的新教学模式进行了探讨，通过教学方法的探讨，学生对电离辐射生物学效应课程的兴趣增加，增进了学生理解和掌握相关知识。

[关键词] 动物解剖;互动教学;电离辐射;生物效应;实验;教学模式

[中图分类号] R146          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）35-0164-03

Application of interactive teaching of animal anatomy in experimental teaching of biological effects of ionizing radiation

CHEN Chao

Department of Science and Education， Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Fujian Medical University， Fujian Cancer Hospital， Fuzhou   350014，China

[Abstract] Experimental teaching of biological effects of ionizing radiation is one of the important courses in traditional medical education， and it is also the key teaching content in the courses of radiobiology， clinical radiation injury， radiation therapy and radiation protection. It mainly includes cytological damage， somatic damage effect and genetic effect of ionizing radiation. The traditional teaching method has been assisted by theoretical explanation and animal model for a long time， so the students lack the interactive cognition of animal anatomy and perceptual knowledge of learning process， and can only passively learn by infusing， which leads to their loss of learning enthusiasm and poor learning effect， and the teacher's expected teaching purpose cannot be achieved. Therefore， it is very important to increase the interactive teaching of animal anatomy to guide and mobilize students' learning initiative and increase the interaction with students. In this study， the interactive teaching of animal anatomy combined with the new teaching mode of biological effects was discussed. Through the exploration of teaching methods， students' interest in the course of biological effects of ionizing radiation increased， and students' understanding and mastering of relevant knowledge were enhanced.

[Key words] Animal anatomy; Interactive teaching; Ionizing radiation; Biological effect; Experiment; Teaching model

電离辐射生物学效应教学包括电离辐射细胞学损伤、电离辐射躯体损伤及遗传效应，结合动物解剖研究利于上述教学内容的理解。动物解剖有助于学生了解动物的形态结构，为将来学习打下良好基础。学生在教学中练习少，在实验中合作度低，有厌学情绪，实际能力较差，如何提高学生学习兴趣是动物解剖教学实践中的重要问题[1-3]。互动式课堂教学核心是让学生学习、探索，并进行学习创新，使学生有机会积极参与，并为学生思考留有余地[4-5]。……