张佳夫

[摘要] 目的 研究生化检验中前过程对检验质量的影响。 方法 选取我院检验科2019年1月至2020年6月进行生化检验的600份标本为研究对象，根据时间先后顺序分为实施前和实施后，每组各300份标本，实施前（2019年1—9月）的300份标本给予常规生化检验质量控制，實施后（2019年10月至2020年6月）的300份标本在常规质量控制基础上给予前过程质量控制，同时选择30名采血护士进行业务能力的考核，比较实施前后的检验失误率、失误原因，护士的业务能力及患者的满意度。 结果 实施后的生化检验失误率为7.00%，低于实施前的22.33%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实施前后的检验失误原因比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），均以标本因素、患者因素为主要失误原因;30名采血护士实施后的理论知识得分和操作技能得分均高于实施前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;且实施后患者对检验工作的满意度为96.00%，高于实施前的84.33%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 在临床生化检验工作中实施前过程质量控制有助于提高采血护士的业务能力，减少检验失误，指导临床诊疗，值得推广。

[关键词] 生化检验;前过程质量控制;失误率;质量控制;失误原因

[中图分类号] R446.1          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）35-0134-04

Impacts of pre-process of clinical biochemical test on quality control

ZHANG Jiafu

Department of Clinical Laboratory， Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiamusi City in Heilongjiang Province， Jiamusi   154004， China

[Abstract] Objective To research the impacts of pre-process of biochemical test on quality control. Methods A total of 600 samples of biochemical tests conducted in the department of clinical laboratory of our hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects. According to the time sequence， they were divided into the pre-implementation group （n=300） and the post-implementation group （n=300）. 300 samples in the pre-implementation group （from January to September 2019） were conducted with quality control of conventional biochemical test， while 300 samples in the post-implementation group （from October 2019 to June 2020） were conducted with quality control of pre-process on the basis of the conventional quality control. At the same time， 30 blood collection nurses were selected to assess their professional ability， and Before and after the implementation of test error rate， error reasons， nurses' professional ability and patient satisfaction were compared. Results After implementation， the error rate of biochemical test was 7.00%， which was lower than 22.33% before implementation， with statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the causes of test errors before and after implementation（P>0.05）， and the main causes of errors were all specimen factors and patient factors. The scores of theoretical knowledge and operation skills of 30 blood collection nurses after implementation were all higher than those before implementation， with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）.Meanwhile， after implementation， patients’ satisfaction with the test work was 96.00%， which was higher than 84.33% before implementation， with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）.  Conclusion The implementation of pre-process quality control in clinical biochemical test is conducive to improving the professional ability of blood collection nurses， reducing test error rate and guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment. Therefore， it is worthy of promotion.

[Key words] Biochemical test; Pre-process quality control; Error rate; Quality control; Error cause

临床生化检验中完整的质量控制包括检验前质量控制、检验中质量控制和检验后质量控制，而长期以来各大医院检验科实验室过分重视检验中的质量控制，忽视了检验前质量控制，因此导致检验结果不准确等问题出现[1-3]。检验前工作是从临床医……