非机类机械设计基础教学体系的研究
2020-12-21翟秀云陈明通周英姿
翟秀云 陈明通 周英姿

摘 要:非机类机械设计基础是许多工科专业必修的专业基础课,在课程体系中起承上启下的桥梁作用。但是它在现有理论教学与实验教学上存在诸多问题,文章对存在的问题进行了深入的分析以挖掘产生的原因,并提出以培养应用型人才为目标,以“学生为核心”的“讲授教学+Web辅助理论教学+分组讨论+课后专研学习”的混合教学模式的解决措施。在教学内容、方法、手段和考核评价体系等方面提出具体建议,对于本门课程的教学改革具有重要的参考价值。
关键词:机械设计基础;理论教学;实验教学;考核体系;应用型人才
中图分类号:G642 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2020)36-0072-05
Abstract: The course of "Fundamentals of Mechanical Design" for non-mechanical major, a fundamental and compulsory course of many engineering professions, is a connecting link between the preceding and the following in the curriculum system. Its theoretical teaching and experimental training currently show some problems. In this paper, the problems were analyzed in depth to explore their reasons. With the goal of cultivating applied talents, we put forward the solutions taking students as the center under the blended teaching pattern of "face-to-face teaching + theoretical teaching assisted by Web + group discussion + specialized study after class". The paper provided the specific recommendations on teaching contents, methods, assessment system and so on, which have important meaning for instruction reform of the course.
Keywords: Fundamentals of Mechanical Design; theoretical teaching; experimental training; assessment system; applied talents
機械设计基础课程是非机类与机械类专业中一门承上启下的主干课程,是一门与生产实际密切相关的技术基础课。也是一门“双面难”的课程,即一方面学生“难学”,一方面教师“难教”。难学的根本缘由是:它是一门综合课程,对于先修课程如高等数学、工程制图、材料力学、理论力学、金属工艺学、互换性与技术测量等有很强的依赖性,要求运用它们的理论与原理来辅助解决机械设计中的工程问题,因此课程的知识既复杂又兼具综合性,要求学生具备很强的空间想象和扎实的理论基础。难教的根本缘由是:任课老师不但要熟悉专业体系及各门课程的知识,还需要一定的教学经验,并能综合运用多种教学手段将理论与实际紧密地联系起来,把生涩难懂的机械知识转变为活跃且立体的、具有工程价值的机械理念与科学实际。……
