[摘 要]《刑事诉讼法》对终止侦查、案件撤销或决定不起诉等程序条件做出了较为明确的规定，但却在犯罪嫌疑人身份撤销可能适用的情形及撤销模式的规定存在缺位与模糊，究其原因在于对犯罪嫌疑人身份撤销行为的程序附随性特点的忽略。理清犯罪嫌疑人身份撤销的情形，以探寻犯罪嫌疑人身份撤销模式，对于保障犯罪嫌疑人，尤其是在“犯罪嫌疑人—人”的身份转换时，其权利的有效行使有着重要的意义。从程序视角来看，目前可能适用犯罪嫌疑人身份撤销的情形可分为侦查过程、审查起诉过程以及其他可能适用身份撤销的情形三大类。研究表明，通过明确身份撤销“权力双主体”、完善撤销标准、构建“内外同步”的撤销方式、落实配套措施跟进，以及完善涉及身份撤销案件的处理机制等手段可以构建犯罪嫌疑人身份撤销模式。

[关键词]犯罪嫌疑人;撤销;模式

[中图分类号]D925.2 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1671-8372（2020）03-0113-08

Abstract：The Criminal Procedure Law provides relatively clear provisions on the procedural conditions such as termination of investigation， cancellation of a case or decision not to prosecute. However， there are some gaps and ambiguities in the possible application of the suspects identity revocation and the provisions of revocation mode. The reason lies in the neglect of the procedural dependency related to identity revocation of criminal suspect. It is of great significance to explore the mode of identity revocation patterns of criminal suspect by clarifying the types of these cases， especially for the effective exercise of the rights of “criminal suspects—person”during conversion of their identities. From the perspective of procedure， the current types of cases that may be applicable to the identity revocation of criminal suspect can be divided into 3 categories， namely， investigation process， review and prosecution process and other situations that may be applicable to the revocation. The result shows that the mode of identity revocation of criminal suspects can be constructed by clarifying the “dual subjects of civil rights” of identity revocation， perfecting the revocation standard， constructing the cancelation mode of “internal and external synchronization”， implementing suspecting measures to follow up and improving the handling mechanism of cases involving identity revocation .

Key words：criminal suspect; revocation; models

2014年8月22日，身经八年牢狱之灾、四次死刑判决的念斌在福建省高级人民法院的终审判决后被无罪释放，这一被认为“与我国司法改革进程紧密联系”[1]的案件因切实维护司法公正、保障人权而得到了普遍认可[2]。然而仅相隔十天，已被判无罪的念斌再次因平潭县公安局立案而被认定为犯罪嫌疑人，引起舆论哗然[3]。反观念斌投毒案件的整个过程，虽然念斌最終被判无罪，但却依旧挂着犯罪嫌疑人的身份无法消除。念斌身份的变化—“人—犯罪嫌疑人—被告人—人—犯罪嫌疑人”—看似简单明了地阐释了念斌进出刑事程序的身份转换过程，却涉及当案件无法及时侦破时，犯罪嫌疑人身份是依旧保留还是予以撤销等刑事诉讼的程序问题。……