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新实践美学的相声艺术观

2020-10-28张弓张玉能

张弓 张玉能

[摘 要]新实践美学的相声艺术观是以马克思主义的艺术观为依据的。相声是民间长期流传的曲艺说唱表演行业,以调节日常休闲生活为生产目的。相声是语言表演艺术,讲究“说、学、逗、唱”的技巧,以产生笑的审美效果,从而被称为笑的艺术。相声是喜剧性艺术,主要表现肯定性喜剧性(幽默)和否定性喜剧性(滑稽),揭示社会生活中现象与本质、内容和形式的矛盾倒错所构成的不合常情常理的现象,用特殊的方式肯定和赞颂幽默对象、否定和讽刺滑稽对象,让人们在笑声中净化心灵,升华人生境界。

[关键词]新实践美学;相声艺术观;相声产业;语言表演艺术;喜剧性艺术;矛盾倒错

[中图分类号]B83 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1671-8372(2020)03-0080-06

Abstract:The crosstalk art view of new practical aesthetics is based on the art view of Marxist. Crosstalk is a folk art and rap performance industry that has been circulated for a long time, with the purpose of regulating daily leisure life. Crosstalk is the art of language performance; it emphasizes the skills of “speaking, learning, teasing and singing” in order to produce the aesthetic effect of laughter, so it is called the art of laughter. Crosstalk is a comic art, mainly showing positive comedy (humor) and negative comedy (funny), revealing the abnormal phenomenon formed by the contradiction between phenomenon and essence, content and form in social life, which is in a special way to affirm and praise the object of humor, negates and irony of the object of humor, so that people in laughter purify the soul, sublimate the realm of life.

Key words:new practical aesthetics; the art view of crosstalk; crosstalk industry; language performing art;comedy art; contradiction perversion

馬克思主义的艺术观揭示了艺术的本质和本质特征,主要包括艺术生产论、审美意识形态论、“实践-精神的”掌握世界论。马克思的艺术观认为,艺术是一种特殊的生产方式,艺术是社会构成中的审美意识形态,艺术是“实践-精神的”掌握世界的特殊方式。马克思主义的艺术观是一个多维度、多层次、开放性的立体网络系统,它比较全面、科学、系统、开放地揭示了艺术的本质和本质特征。新实践美学的相声艺术观是以马克思主义的艺术观为根据的,同样比较合理地解释了相声的本质和本质特征。

一、相声是一种民间曲艺说唱表演行业

相声(英文译为crosstalkcomic cross-talk,talk show,chinese comic dialogue),作为一种艺术生产,主要是在中国民间流传的说唱表演行业,其主要目的是让人在笑声中度过日常休闲生活。……

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