朱海艳 王晓斐 陈海兰 朱敏 曹蓉蓉

[摘要] 目的 阐述老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者予以护理干预的具体实施措施及对患者康复依从性的作用。方法 该次研究时间为2017年12月—2018年12月，研究对象方便选择该院收治慢性阻塞性肺疾病老年患者83例，根据患者入院时间顺序差异分为两组，对照组（n=41）予以常规护理干预，观察组（n=42）予以综合护理干预，评估两组患者康复依从情况，检验并比较各组患者干预前后肺功能相关指标，对比两组患者生活质量及护理满意度。结果 观察组患者康复期间饮食依从评分（9.54±0.33）分、运动依从评分（9.37±0.29）分、氧疗依从评分（9.41±0.18）分、戒烟酒依从评分（8.84±1.03）分均明顯高于对照组（t=8.890、8.220、8.190、9.860，P<0.05）。两组患者入院时肺功能各项指标较为相近，经一段时间干预后，观察组患者FEV1指标（1.77±0.28）L、FVC指标（2.98±0.44）L均明显高于对照组（t=7.320、10.930，P<0.05）。观察组患者经护理干预后生活质量更高，对护理服务更为满意。结论 针对慢阻肺老年患者辅以护理干预可以有效提高患者康复依从性，改善患者肺功能，提高生活质量，促进患者更快恢复健康。

[关键词] 护理干预;老年;慢性阻塞性肺疾病;康复依从性

[中图分类号] R473          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-0742（2020）07（a）-0132-03

[Abstract] Objective To elaborate the specific implementation measures of nursing intervention in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the effect on rehabilitation compliance of patients. Methods The time of this study was from December 2017 to December 2018. During the selection of the research subjects， 83 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were admitted to the hospital during the selection period. They were divided into two groups according to the difference in the order of admission of patients. The control group（n=41） received routine nursing interventions， the observation group（n=42） received comprehensive nursing interventions to evaluate the rehabilitation compliance of the two groups of patients， test and compare the lung function related indicators of the patients before and after intervention， and compare the quality of life and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients. Results Observation group patients' diet compliance score （9.54±0.33）points， exercise compliance score （9.37±0.29）points， oxygen therapy compliance score （9.41±0.18）points， and smoking cessation and alcohol compliance score （8.84±1.03）points， during the recovery period were significantly higher than those of the control group （t=8.890， 8.220， 8.190， 9.860， P<0.05）. The two groups of patients had similar lung function indexes when they were admitted to the hospital. After a period of intervention， the FEV1 index （1.77±0.28） L and FVC index （2.98±0.44） L of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group （t= 7.320， 10.930， P<0.05）. The patients in the observation group had higher quality of life after nursing intervention， and the patients were more satisfied with the nursing service. Conclusion Supplementing nursing intervention for elderly patients with COPD can effectively improve patients 'compliance with rehabilitation， improve patients' lung function， improve quality of life， promote patients to recover health faster.

[Key words] Nursing intervention; Elderly;Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Rehabilitation compliance

慢性阻塞性肺疾病简称慢阻肺，属于临床较为常见的一种呼吸系统病症，对患者的生活、健康均造成损害。据有关研究统计，随着年龄的增长，人体各项机能均出现不同程度的衰退，慢阻肺的患病概率也同步增高[1]。老年人群一旦患病，症状表现以慢性咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难为主，加之患者自身免疫力弱、身体机能差，且合并多项疾病，对治疗及患者预后恢复均造成加大影响。另外，老年患者对该病的认知不足，预后依从性低，那么就需要予以护理干预，促进患者康复[2]。该文以2017年12月—2018年12月该院收治83例老年慢阻肺患者为例，阐述护理干预的实施方法及作用，报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料……