新疆兵团大功率拖拉机及配套农机具发展现状与对策建议
2020-03-31张鲁云郑炫何兴村孟祥金
张鲁云 郑炫 何兴村 孟祥金



摘要大功率拖拉机携带相配套的农机具作业,速度快、效率高、油耗低、节能、减排,是实现农业现代化的必要装备。但长期以来新疆兵团在农业生产中都以中小型拖拉机为主,大功率拖拉机与其相配套机具的研制和生产还处于初级阶段,普遍存在着研发能力薄弱、生产工艺落后、人机匹配性不高、效率低、故障多等诸多问题。探讨了在农业快速发展的情况下,新疆兵团如何更高效的使用大功率拖拉机及相配套机具,并提出了相应的对策与建议。
关键词大功率拖拉机;新疆兵团;农业机械化;对策建议
中图分类号S224.4文献标识码A
文章编号0517-6611(2020)04-0244-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.071
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Development Status and Suggestions of Large Horsepower Tractor and Matching Agricultural Machinery in Xinjiang Corps
ZHANG Lu-yun,ZHENG Xuan,HE Xing-cun et al(Machinery and Equipment Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)
AbstractLarge horsepower tractor carrying matching agricultural machinery work fast,high efficiency,low fuel consumption,saving energy,reduction emission,it is the necessary equipment to realize agricultural modernization.But for a long time,Xinjiang Corps have mainly used small and medium-sized tractor in agricultural production.The development and production of large horsepower tractor and its matching equipment have been still in the initial stage,research and development ability has been weak generally,backward production technology,man-machine matching was not high,low efficiency,many faults and other problems.With the rapid development of agricultue,how to use large horsepower tractor and its matching equipment was discussed,and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward.
Key wordsLarge horsepower tractor;Xinjiang Corps;Agricultural mechanization;Suggestion
農业实现机械化是提高农业综合生产能力[1],减轻劳动强度,改善农民生活质量的重要因素。各种性能先进农业机械数量的不断增加,提高了农业工作效率[2],降低了作业成本,加速了我国农业现代化进程,为农作物增产和农民增收节支作出了重要贡献。“十三五”期间,伴随着我国农业生产的快速发展和国家“三农”政策的不断落实,以及国家节能、减排、降耗等各项法律法规的不断完善,加上新疆地区耕作条田面积较大,易于实现机械化作业,因而对大功率拖拉机及其相配套农机具需求量急剧增加。
大功率拖拉机牵引各种作业机具可以用较高速度作业,工作效率高,作业质量好,是现代农业装备发展的必然趋势。由大功率拖拉机与相应配套机具组成的牵引式、半牵引式或悬挂式作业机组[3],在农业、牧业、特色林果业生产中都得到了广泛使用。……
