气象因素变化与虫害发生的灰色关联分析
2019-06-07李芝茹李全罡樊冬温张北航张福娟曲哲王俊
李芝茹 李全罡 樊冬温 张北航 张福娟 曲哲 王俊



摘 要:為探究气象因素变化对虫害发生的影响规律,以21 a落叶松毛虫幼虫发生面积为主系列,相应时间节点气象数据为映射量进行灰色关联分析,得出其灰色关联度排序为:全年极端最低气温(γ09=0.87)>3月份降水量(γ03= 0.86)=8月份降水量(γ08=0.86)>4月份连续无降水日数(γ06=0.83)>3月份连续无降水日数(γ04= 0.81)>4月份降水量(γ05= 0.78)>7月份降水量(γ07= 0.72)>4月份一候平均气温(γ02=0.66)>繁殖期平均风速(γ010=0.64)>3月份六候平均气温(γ01=0.60)。通过绝对关联度概念的引入分析验证计算结果:全年极端最低气温对虫害发生影响最大,3月六候平均气温与虫害发生的关联度较小。因此可从上年8月降水量、全年极端气温、3月降水量为切入点预测气象相似年落叶松毛虫是否大发生,为森防部门提供参考。
关键词:落叶松毛虫;气象因素变化;特征映射;灰色关联分析
中图分类号:S763.3;X171.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-8023(2019)04-0051-07
Grey Correlation Analysis of Meteorological Variation and Pest Occurrence
LI Zhiru1,2, LI Quangang1,2, FAN Dongwen1,3*, ZHANG Beihang1,2, ZHANG Fujuan4, QU Zhe4, WANG Jun5
(1.Harbin Research Institute of Forestry Machinery, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin 150086;
2.Lab of Forestry Electromechanical, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin 150086; 3.Secretariat of Forest
Machinery Standardization Technical Committee of China, Harbin 150086; 4.Meteorological Bureau of Yichun City, Yichun 153000;
5.Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Yichun City, Yichun 153000)
Abstract:In order to explore the rule of the influence of meteorological factors on the occurrence of insect pests, the Dendrolimus superans occurrence area was used as main sequence and the time node meteorological data were used as the gray correlation analysis. The gray correlation degree was sorted as: extreme minimum temperature throughout the year (γ09=0.87) >precipitation in March (γ03=0.86) = precipitation in August (γ08=0.86) >consecutive arid days in April (γ06=0.83) >consecutive arid days in March (γ04=0.81) >precipitation in April (γ05 =0.78) >precipitation in July (γ07=0.72) >average temperature in first five days of April (γ02=0.66) >average wind speed during breeding season (γ010=0.64) >average temperature in last five days of March (γ01=0.60). Analyze and verify the calculation results by the introduction of absolute relation degree, which is: extreme minimum temperature throughout the year influence the pests most, while the average temperature in last five days of March influence the pests lest. Therefore, the occurrence of Dendrolimus superans in meteorological similarity year can be predicted by analyzing the precipitation in August, extreme minimum temperature throughout the year and precipitation in March, which provides the reference for the forest defense department.
Keywords:Dendrolimus superans (Butler); meteorological change; characteristic mapping; gray correlative analysis
0 引言
落叶松毛虫(Dendrolimus superans (Butler))作为东北林区主要的食叶害虫,严重爆发时幼虫啃食针叶使枝干形同火烧,树木成片枯死,影响林木质量和产量的同時破坏森林生态功能,减弱森林碳汇作用[1-2]。落叶松毛虫也见于纬度气候条件相似的国外地区,Tomin F.N等研究将其引进对生态平衡造成的影响[3]。其爆发情况因种类和气候条件的不同而有较大差异,Kirichenko N.I 等[4]通过研究其幼虫相对生长比率、扩张速度和各龄级持续时间等数据,分析并预测其破坏程度。
落叶松毛虫虫害的发生是多因素决策的复杂过程,与其生物学特性、气候和天敌等因素有关[5]。研究气象因素与虫害发生的关系,其……
