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集束化护理干预在脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者中的应用

2019-04-21黄曲云黄英新黄青秀

中外医学研究 2019年30期
关键词:脑卒中并发症

黄曲云 黄英新 黄青秀

【摘要】 目的:探讨集束化护理干预对脑卒中吞咽功能障礙患者的临床疗效及吞咽功能的改善作用,并评估护理质量。方法:选择2017年6月-2018年4月在笔者所在医院进行治疗的脑卒中合并吞咽功能障碍患者100例,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组50例,对照组进行常规护理,研究组患者应用集束化护理干预。应用藤岛分级法和洼田氏饮水试验评估吞咽功能,观察临床疗效和误吸发生率,评估护理满意度。结果: 研究组总有效率和护理满意度分别为68.00%(34/50)、(96.82±7.39)分,均高于对照组的52.00%(26/50)、(91.54±8.15)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组误吸发生率为14.00(7/50),低于对照组的32.00(16/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组藤岛分级评分为(8.23±0.47)分,高于对照组的(6.15±0.52)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组洼田氏饮水试验评分为(1.40±0.41)分,低于对照组的(2.57±0.43)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用集束化护理对脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者进行干预,临床疗效显著,能够显著改善患者吞咽困难状况,降低患者误吸发生率,护理质量得到显著提高。

【关键词】 集束化护理 脑卒中 吞咽功能障碍 并发症 预后 护理质量

doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.30.053 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)30-0-03

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and improvement of swallowing function in patients with swallowing dysfunction caused by clustering nursing intervention, and to evaluate the quality of nursing. Method: A total of 100 stroke patients with swallowing dysfunction treated in our hospital from June in 2017 to April in 2018 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the study group, 50 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing,and the study group applied bundled care interventions. The effect of swallowing function, the clinical curative effect and the incidence of misabsorption were observed and the nursing satisfaction was evaluated. Result: The total effective rate and nursing satisfaction of the study group were 68.00% (34/50) and (96.82±7.39) points respectively, higher than 52.00% (26/50) and (91.54±8.15) points of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of aspiration of the study group was 14.00% (7/50), lower than 32.00% (16/50) of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The score of Fujima grading method in the study group was (8.23±0.47) points, which was significantly higher than (6.15±0.52) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the score of Watian drinking water test in the study group was (1.40±0.41) points, which was significantly lower than (2.57±0.43) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of clustering nursing for stroke patients with swallowing dysfunction has significant clinical efficacy, which can significantly improve the dysphagia of patients, reduce the incidence of aspiration, and improve the quality of care.

[Key words] Cluster nursing Stroke Swallowing dysfunction Complications Prognosis Quality of care

First-authors address: Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang National Medical College, Baise 533000, China

腦卒中是临床一种常见的脑血管疾病,患者病情危重,并发症多,护理难度大。幸存患者常合并不同程度的运动功能障碍、吞咽功能障碍等症状,吞咽障碍使患者出现饮食困难、易发生误吸,引起营养不良、吸入性肺炎等并发症,严重影响患者功能康复及生活质量,也对临床护理工作提出了更高要求[1]。集束化护理主要是指在循证医学的支持下,针对某种问题而制定的一系列的治疗及护理干预措施,以降低患者并发症,促进患者恢复,为患者提供尽可能优化的医护服务,改善患者结局[2]。本研究旨在应用集束化护理干预对脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者进行干预,并评估临床疗效及对吞咽功能的改善作用,为临床护理管理提供依据,具体如下。

1 资料与方法

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