PPP模式下医养结合养老项目的风险识别与控制
2018-09-17赵锡锋莫颖宁
赵锡锋 莫颖宁
[摘要] 近年来,国家屡次提出要在医养结合领域探索政府与社会资本合作(PPP)的投融资模式,其中,对PPP模式风险管理的探索尤为关键。本文在总结医养结合养老实践经验的基础上,从项目全周期角度对PPP模式的操作流程进行分解、分析,识别PPP模式下医养结合养老项目的关键风险以及风险诱因,并提出控制风险、发挥PPP模式作用的对策,旨在推动我国养老事业的健康发展,为政府决策提供参考。
[关键词] 医养结合;政府与社会资本合作;全周期;风险识别;风险控制
[中图分类号] R197 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)08(c)-0161-04
[Abstract] In recent years, the state has repeatedly proposed to explore the investment and financing model of public-private partnerships (PPP) in the field of combined medical and care service integration, among these, exploration of PPP project risk management is particularly critical. On the basis of summing up the practice experience of combined medical and care service, this paper decomposes and analyzes the operation flow of PPP project from the perspective of the whole project cycle, it identifies the key risks and risk incentives of the implementation of PPP model for pension programs of combined medical and care service, and proposes to control risks, plays a role in the PPP model, aimed at promoting the healthy development of the pension in our country and providing reference for government decision.
[Key words] Combined medical and care service; Public-private partnerships; Full cycle; Risk identification; Risk control
人口老齡化是我国面临的严峻挑战。满足老年人的需求,妥善解决老龄化带来的各种社会问题,不仅能维护老年人的尊严,还能促进我国的经济发展,传承和弘扬敬老爱老的社会美德,增进社会和谐。医养结合养老是一种兼具“医疗”和“护理”优点的新型养老模式,这种养老模式可以有效满足老年人的医疗、护理需求,是我国未来健康支持体系的重要组成部分。在医养结合领域,国家的指导性意见(国办发[2015]42号、国卫办家庭发[2016]340号)是要探索政府与社会资本合作(PPP)的投融资模式。该模式下,项目的持续时间长,运作程序复杂,风险要素众多,各类PPP项目因风险控制不力而陷入合作困境或失败的例子屡见不鲜[1],因此对风险的管理就成为双方合作成功与否的关键所在。目前,PPP项目风险问题的研究成果主要集中在交通水利等公共服务领域[1-2],在医养结合养老领域存在明显的不足。……
