李静 陶治荣 李淑华 魏少美 王万霞 单新莉 孙彩霞

摘 要：目的 调查启用静脉用药调配中心前后相关科室临床护士生活质量和生理功能的变化，为相关制度的制订与实施提供依据。方法 根据文献报道和临床经验，设计与临床护士的生活质量和生理功能密切相关的30个问题，采用无记名问卷方式进行调查，以某三甲医院启用PIVAS后最近1年在肿瘤内科、放疗科、血液科等6个病区工作1年以上的临床护士作为调查对象，组成观察组；以启用PIVAS前1年在上述科室工作1年以上的临床护士作为对照组。将有关数据输入计算机中，借助SPSS17.0软件包进行统计分析，比较两组护士生活质量和生理功能的变化。结果 观察组中有45.90%受调查者认为自己目前的健康状况较PIVAS启用前1年有所改善。观察组中经常脱发和乏力、嗜睡、头晕等症状，较对照组减少，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组上呼吸道感染30.30%、尿路感染32.80%，高于观察組20.50%和25.40%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组月经异常者38例（31.15%），低于对照组50例（40.98%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组发生病理妊娠者6例（4.92%），低于对照组13例（10.65%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组中有68.90%的受调查者感觉到精神压力减少；96.70%认为工作环境改善；97.50%认为工作效率提高；75.40%认为幸福指数提高。观察组有77.9%受调查者发现输液反应减少。结论 建立PIVAS可减少临床护士的职业危害，改善健康状况和生活质量，提高工作效率和静脉用药的安全性，值得在临床深入研究并推广使用。

关键词：集中配置；生活质量；生理功能

中图分类号：R473.73 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.09.055

文章编号：1006-1959（2018）09-0166-04

Abstract：Objective To investigate the changes of the quality of life and physiological functions of clinical nurses in relevant departments before and after the initiation of intravenous drug administration centers，and to provide basis for the formulation and implementation of relevant systems.Methods According to the literature reports and clinical experience，30 questions closely related to the quality of life and physiological functions of clinical nurses were designed and investigated using an anonymous questionnaire. The most recent one year after the initiation of PIVAS in a top-three hospital was in the Department of Oncology，Radiotherapy，and Blood.The clinical nurses working in the six wards and other wards for more than one year were selected as the survey subjects to form the observation group；the clinical nurses who worked in the above-mentioned departments for more than one year prior to the initiation of PIVAS were used as the control group.The relevant data was input into the computer，statistical analysis was performed with SPSS17.0 software package，and the changes in the quality of life and physiological functions of the nurses in the two groups were compared.Results 45.90% of the respondents in the observation group thought that their current health condition improved compared to 1 year before PVAAS was started.Alopecia and fatigue，drowsiness，dizziness，and other symptoms were often observed in the observation group，which was significantly lower than that in the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.In the control group，upper respiratory tract infection was 30.30% and urinary tract infection was 32.80%，which was higher than the observation group 20.50% and 25.40%，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.There were 38 cases（31.15%）of menstrual abnormalities in the observation group，and 50 cases（40.98%）lower than the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.In the observation group，6 cases（4.92%）were pathological pregnancies and 13 cases（10.65%）were lower than the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.68.90% of respondents in the observation group felt a decrease in mental stress； 96.70% thought that the working environment improved；97.50% thought that work efficiency increased；and 75.40% thought that the happiness index increased.In the observation group，77.9% of the respondents found that the infusion reaction was reduced.Conclusion The establishment of PIVAS can reduce the occupational hazards of clinical nurses， improve the health status and quality of life，and improve the work efficiency and the safety of intravenous medications.It is worthy of deep research and promotion in clinical practice.

Key words：Centralized deployment；Quality of life；Physiological function

化疗（chemotherapy）是指用化学合成药物治疗疾病的方法，是目前治疗肿瘤疾病和某些自身免疫性疾病的主要手段之一。化疗药物多为细胞毒药物，在杀死癌细胞的同时，对机体的正常细胞也具有明显的毒性作用。化疗药物作为目前治疗肿瘤的常用手段之一，与治疗肿瘤相关的临床科室的护士不可避免的需要长期接触，由于该类药物具有致畸、致突变、致癌的潜在危险性，长期接触容易引起慢性毒性反应，因此做好护士自身的防护至关重要[1，2]。……