张朋 阿英嘎

摘 要：采用多源流分析模型对我国学校体育立法进行问题流、政策流和政治流分析。学校体育在教育、社会、体育中角色功能履行不足为学校体育立法树立了问题源流；政策共同体的集体智慧提供了政策源流；体育回归教育，提升学校体育教育成效是政治源流。学生体质健康水平下降、校园运动意外事故频发为学校体育立法开启问题之窗；依法治国执政理念下连续性高层级的学校体育政策条例的出台打开了政治之窗。多源流分析为学校体育立法的推动找到了一条过程操作的路径，制定学校体育法的社会环境与法制基础已基本成熟，当前，尚需政治源流的“预热”及政界、学术界与新闻媒体的进一步“催化”。

关键词：学校体育；学校体育立法；学校体育法；多源流理论；政策；学校体育教育

中图分类号：G 812.5 学科代码：040303 文献标识碼：A

Abstract：The multi-source flow analysis model is used to analyze problem flow， policy flow and political flow of school sports legislation in China. The lack of role function of school sports in education，society and sports has resulted in a problem source for school sports legislation.The collective wisdom of policy community provides the policy source； the return of sports to education and the improvement of school sports effectiveness are the source of politic.The decline of studentsphysical health level and the frequent occurrence of campus sports accidents are the window to open school sports legislation.Under the rule of law，the introduction of school sports policy regulations at a continuous high level has opened the political window.Multiple streams analysis found a path of the operation of the process to promote the school sports legislation，social environment and legal basis of school sports law has been basically mature and，at present，still need political origin of the “warm-up”and political， academic and media “further catalysis”.

Keywords：school sports； school sports legislation；school sports law；multi-source flow theory；policy；school physical education

多源流分析模型是一种解释政策制定、形成过程的分析工具。它解释了在政策制定过程中问题是如何引起关注，进入决策者视野及可适性的方案如何从政策建议溪流中脱颖而出，又是如何被采纳形成议程的过程。多源流理论模型对公共政策分析的解释力和适用性广受认可，成为剖析政策议程设置过程的“主流模型”[1]。当前用该理论框架对议程进行的分析主要集中于政策出台过程和背景的描述性研究及政策变迁的解释性研究。在依法治国的背景下，建构和完善学校体育法律规范体系是必行之事，学校体育立法呼之欲出。……