黄雁飞+陈桂芬+黄玉溢+刘永贤+熊柳梅+潘丽萍

摘 要 稻米重金属超标已成为我国当今社会关注的焦点。引起稻米重金属超标的因素很多，随着研究的深入，近年来大气沉降与稻米重金属累积的关系也逐渐得到了关注。本文就大气沉降的概念、大气沉降重金属来源及其危害作了简要的概述，并重点综述了大气沉降与作物重金属累积之间的关系，分析了有色金属矿区稻米重金属超标与大气沉降之间的关联，并对该领域的研究前景进行展望。

关键词 有色金属矿区 ；大气沉降 ；重金属 ；稻米 ；关系分析

中图分类号 X56 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.09.010

Analysis of the Relationship Between Atmospheric Dustfall and the Heavy

Metal Accumulation in Rice in Nonferrous Metal Mining Area

HUANG Yanfei CHEN Guifen HUANG Yuyi

LIU Yongxian XIONG Liumei PAN Liping

（Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute，

Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanning， Guangxi 530007）

Abstract The high level of heavy metal in rice has became the focus of our society. There are many factors that bring about high accumulation of heavy metal in rice. The research on the relationship between atmospheric deposition and the accumulation of heavy metals in rice has gradually called attention. A brief summary was made of the concept， sources and hazard of atmospheric dustfall deposition， and the relationships between atmospheric deposition and accumulation of heavy metals in crops were reviewed， based on which relation between the high heavy metal content in rice and the atmospheric dustfall in the non-ferrous metal mining area was analyzed. Future prospects for research in this field were also made.

Keywords nonferrous metal mining area ； atmospheric deposition ； heavy metal ； rice ； relationship analysis

粮食安全是关乎国家安全和民生大计的重要举措，稻米是我国人民日常生活里的主食，据调查我国10%左右的市售大米重金属超标[1]，部分地区处于常年食用重金属超标稻米的恶性状态。稻米重金属的来源途径多样，随着研究的不断深入，人们开始发现大气沉降也是稻米重金属超标的又一关键途径，于瑞莲等[2]报道大气沉降中重金属含量导致城市道路和工业区稻米等作物重金属含量超标。龙思斯等[3]研究认为，叶面污染源对水稻 Cd积累的贡献远远大于其他因素。可以推断，生产实践中大气沉降对稻米重金属累积的贡献不可忽视，尤其在有色金属矿区其危害性更加不容忽视。

大气沉降是吸附在气溶胶上的大气颗粒物通过重力或雨水的冲刷作用自然沉降于地表的一个循环过程，可分为干沉降和湿沉降，是“地气”系统物质元素等循环的一种形式[4]。……