小剂量糖皮质激素预防早产儿支气管肺发育不良效果观察
2017-06-08杨成敏
杨成敏
【摘要】 目的:探讨小剂量糖皮质激素预防早产儿支气管肺发育不良的临床疗效。方法:120例早产儿随机分为观察组(n=60)与对照组(n=60),观察组在基础治疗基础上加用小剂量地塞米松治疗,对照组仅给予基础治疗,对比两组早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发生率、呼吸机指标、吸氧时间等。结果:观察组BPD发生率为10.0%,显著低于对照组的66.7%(P<0.01);两组FiO2、PIP、PEEP、MAP比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组机械通气时间、吸氧时间均显著短于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:小剂量糖皮质激素可有效预防早产儿发生BPD,可使患儿尽早脱离呼吸机,安全高效,值得推广。
【关键词】 糖皮质激素; 早产儿; 支气管肺发育不良
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2017.12.007 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2017)12-0015-02
【Abstract】 Objective:To discuss the clinical effects of low dose glucocorticoid in the prevention of BPD in premature infant.Method:120 premature infants were randomly divided into the observation group(n=60) and the control group(n=60),the observation group was treated with low dose of Dexamethasone based on the basic treatment,and the control group was treated with basic treatment only,then incident rate of BPD,ventilator index and time of oxygen inhalation were contrasted between the two groups.Result:The incidence rate of BPD in the observation group was 10.0%,significantly lower than 66.7% in the control group(P<0.01);there were no significantly differences in FiO2,PIP,PEEP,MAP between the two groups(P>0.05).Mechanical ventilation time,oxygen inhalation time in the observation group were significantly shorter than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Low dose of glucocorticoid can effectively prevent BPD in premature infant,and can make the child wean from ventilator as early as possible,safe and efficient,it is worthy of promotion.
【Key words】 Glucocorticoid; Premature Infant; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
First-authors address:Peoples Hospital of Fushun County,Fushun 643200,China
新生兒重症监护病房(NICU)的建立与技术的不断发展使越来越多的早产儿,尤其极低体重、超低出生体重儿得以存活,同时支气管肺发育不良(BPD),又称慢性肺疾病(CLD)的发生率不断上升,BPD是导致早产儿死亡的重要原因,主要原因为机械通气导致发生严重的呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)[1]。BPD可导致早产儿出现神经发育障碍,使住院时间延长,增加再次入院的治疗风险[2]。BPD以综合治疗为主,包括营养支持及氧疗等,糖皮质激素在BPD的辅助治疗中具有一定的效果,但是在临床应用中由于其毒副作用等,尚存在较大的争议,目前临床治疗BPD主要方法为限制液体摄入量、营养支持、合理氧疗、外源性表明活性物质、应用糖皮质激素等,治疗方法中除糖皮质激素的应用治疗存在较大争议,其他治疗方法已被临床共同认可。本研究通过使用小剂量糖皮质激素预防早产儿发生BPD,旨在探讨其疗效,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择笔者所在医院2012年1月-2016年2月收治的早产儿120例,男56例,女64例,胎龄28~35周,平均(30.1±2.1)周;……
