渭河关中段土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响
2016-10-21成波李怀恩丁劲等
成波 李怀恩 丁劲等



摘要[目的]评估渭河关中段土地利用变化引起的生态系统服务价值变化,为渭河关中段生态系统可持续发展的决策提供依据与手段。[方法]根据渭河关中段的土地利用变化数据,采用中国陆地生态系统的服务价值测算方法,对渭河关中段的生态系统服务价值进行评价,并分析了面积变化对生态系统服务价值的影响。[结果]1980~2007年渭河关中段水域面积呈减小趋势,林地面积及建设用地面积均在增加,而未利用地面积在减少,耕地面积变化不大;1980~2007年生态系统服务价值减少了8.37亿元,主要是由于水域面积减少和城市建设用地面积增加引起;林地和草地对生态系统服务价值的贡献最大,单位生态系统服务价值水域最大。[结论]在渭河关中段建设和产业发展过程中,应加强对林地和水域的保护。
关键词生态系统;服务价值;土地利用;渭河关中段
中图分类号S181文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2016)04-087-04
Effects of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Value in Guanzhong Section of Weihe River
CHENG Bo, LI Huaien, DING Jin et al(State Key Laboratory Base of EcoHydraulic Engineering in Arid Area of Northwest China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xian, Shaanxi 710078)
Abstract[Objective] The aim was to evaluate ecosystem service value change caused by land use change and provide reference for policymaking of sustainable development of ecosystem in Guanzhong section of Weihe River. [Method] According to land use change data in Guanzhong section of Weihe River, using service value calculation method of terrestrial ecosystem in China, ecosystem service value in Guanzhong section of Weihe River was evaluated, effects of area change on ecosystem service value were analyzed. [Result] During 1980-2007 the water area in Guanzhong section of Weihe River showed a decreasing trend, while the area of forest land and construction land were increasing, the unused land area was decreasing, and the cultivated land area changed little. Due to decreasing of water area and increasing of construction land area, ecosystem service value during 1980-2007 reduced 0. 837 billion; the contribution of forest land and grassland to ecosystem service value was the biggest; water area had the maximum unit ecosystem service value. [Conclusion] In construction and industrial development process of Guanzhong section in Weihe River, protection of forest land and water area should be strengthened.
Key wordsEcosystem; Service values; Land use; Guanzhong section of Weihe River
生態系统服务(Ecosystem Services)是指生态系统与生态过程所形成及所维持的人类赖以生存的自然环境条件与效用,它不仅给人类提供生存必需的食物、医药及工农业生产的原料,还维持了人类赖以生存和发展的生命支持系统[1]。土地利用是人与自然交叉最为密切的环节,土地利用以及由此导致的土地覆盖的变化必然影响生态系统的结构和功能,对区域气候、水文生物地球化学循环及生物多样性等产生重大影响[2]。因此,土地利用覆盖变化过程对维持生态系统服务功能起着决定性的作用,土地利用覆盖变化将是影响区域生态系统功能以及生态环境质量的重要因素。……
