陈　巍，李　玲，王　蕊，随雪芝，张海红



心力衰竭病人自护行为调查分析

陈巍，李玲，王蕊，随雪芝，张海红

摘要：[目的]调查心力衰竭病人自护行为现状，为实施针对性的护理干预提供依据。[方法]采用便利抽样的方法，选取黑龙江省哈尔滨市某三级甲等医院200例心力衰竭病人为研究对象，使用中文版心力衰竭病人自护行为量表对心力衰竭病人自护行为现状进行分析。[结果]心力衰竭病人自护维持评分为(34.7±15.5)分，自护管理评分为(42.3±22.6)分,自护信心评分为(51.7±25.1)分；病人的自护水平受年龄、文化程度、经济收入、心功能、病程长短的影响。[结论]心力衰竭病人总体自我护理行为处于较低水平，且受多种因素的影响，护理人员应采取有效的干预手段，提高心力衰竭病人自我护理水平，从而提高病人的生活质量。

关键词：心力衰竭；自护行为；自护维持；自护信心；自护管理；影响因素

Survey and analysis of self-care behaviors of patients with heart failure

Chen Wei,Li Ling,Wang Rui,et al

(Affiliated Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Heilongjiang 1500086 China)

AbstractObjective:To investigate the status quo of self-care behaviors of patients with heart failure,and provide the references for implementation of targeted nursing intervention.Methods:By using the convenience sampling method,a total of 200 heart failure patients in a third grade hospital in Harbin in Heilongjiang province were selected as the research objects,then the status quo of their self-care behaviors was analyzed by using heart failure patients self-care behavior scale of Chinese version.Results:The score of self-care maintenance in heart failure patients was 34.7±15.5,self-care management score was 42.3±22.6,and self-care confidence score was 51.7±25.1;the patients’ self-care level was affected by age,cultural degree,economic income,heart function and duration of disease.Conclusion:The whole self-care behavior of patients with heart failure was at lower level,and it was affected by many factors,the nursing staffs should take effective interventions and methods to improve the self-care level in patients with heart failure and improve their quality of life.

Key wordsheart failure;self-care behavior;self-care maintenance;self-care confidence;self-care management;influence factors

心力衰竭是一种慢性进展性疾病，是各种心血管病死亡的主要原因[1]。我国2003年抽样统计结果显示，成人心力衰竭患病率为0.9%[2]。我国50家医院住院病例调查显示，心力衰竭住院率占同期心血管病的20%，死亡占40%，提示心力衰竭预后严重[3]。自我护理是指个体为了维持自身的结构完整和功能正常，维持生长发育的需要，所采取的一系列自发性调节活动[4]。有资料显示，提高慢性心力衰竭病人的自护行为，是减少重复住院率、降低医疗资源使用、提高生活质量的一个有效途径[5]。本调查采用定量研究的方法，对慢性心力衰竭病人自护行为状况进行调查，结果如下。……