林勇+赵献银+杨宁+常显亭

[摘要] 目的 研究分析微创技术在老年患者牙种植术中的临床应用效果。方法 选取我院2012年1～12月期间收治的40例60岁以上的老年牙种植患者作为研究对象，随机分为两组，治疗A组与治疗B组。其中治疗A组患者采用微创技术牙种植术，治疗B组患者采用常规的埋植术。两组患者各植入20枚种植体，术后观察两组患者的手术用时、疼痛评价以及牙槽骨的吸收情况。结果 两组患者术后均没有出现牙周炎、牙槽骨吸收严重等不良情况，但是治疗A组患者的手术用时与疼痛评价情况明显优于治疗B组的患者。 结论 微创技术在老年患者牙种植术中用时短、疼痛少，对老年心脑血管疾病患者的影响小，安全、便捷，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 微创技术；老年；牙种植术

[中图分类号] R783.6[文献标识码] B[文章编号] 1673-9701（2014）19-0140-04

Clinical application for minimally invasive techniques in elderly patients with dental implant

LIN Yong1 ZHAO Xianyin1 YANG Ning2 CHANG Xianting1

1.Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Puyang City Oil Field General Hospital in Henan Province, Puyang 457001, China; 2.Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Puyang City Oil Field General Hospital in Henan Province, Puyang 457001, China

[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical application and effect analysis of minimally invasive techniques in elderly patients with dental implant. Methods In our hospital from 2012 January to December 40 patients over age 60 dental were selected as the research object, they were randomly divided into two groups, treatment group A and treatment group B, treatment group A patients used minimally invasive dental implant treatment, B group were treated with conventional implant. Two groups of patients implanted with 13 medals, patients with operation time, pain assessment and the absorption of alveolar bone after operation were observed in two groups. Results The two groups of patients all did not appear serious periodontitis, alveolar bone resorption and other adverse conditions, but the treatment of patients in the A group operation when used with pain evaluation was better than that of treatment of patients in the B group. Conclusion Minimally invasive techniques in elderly patients with dental implant with short time, less pain, with small, safe, convenient to elderly patients, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] Minimally invasive technique; Aged; Dental implantation

牙列缺损是老年人口腔常见疾病，以往常见的修复方式为活动义齿和固定义齿。但是由于活动义齿需要调磨基牙、卡环基托固位，存在咀嚼无力、固位不良、异物感明显、美观舒适度差、基牙易受损伤松动等不易接受和忍耐的缺点，对生活质量提升改善不大，逐渐被老年患者所放弃。固定义齿虽然一定程度上弥补了活动义齿的缺陷，但是依然存在需要磨改基牙、损伤牙体组织、自洁能力低下、维持时间短、不易修理维护的缺点。老年患者多患有牙周病，健康基牙数目较少，固定义齿修复条件较差，却往往承载较大的功能负荷，导致作为承载负荷的健康基牙逐渐出现牙体龋坏、牙体松动、桥体脱落的现象，而且戴冠基牙不易进行牙体牙髓的治疗操作。……