刘治梅　杨絮　程恒金　 叶环

[摘要] 目的 探讨心理干预对睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（sleep apnea syndrome，SAS）患者不良情绪、治疗依从性、生活质量的影响。 方法 选择2013年5月1日～2014年1月31日期间我院明确诊断的睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者80例，随机分成对照组和干预组，每组40例。两组患者均接受传统的护理模式，干预组接受传统护理的同时接受心理干预。两组患者在干预前和干预9个月后均采用抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale，SDS）、焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale，SAS）和简明健康状况调查表（SF-36）进行评估。 结果 心理干预前，两组患者的SDS、SAS和SF-36评估结果差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。干预后，干预组SDS、SAS及SF-36的评估结果、治疗依从性较干预前和对照组差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。 结论 心理干预可以有效减轻患者的焦虑情绪，改善患者睡眠质量，提高治疗依从性，从而提高SAS患者的生活质量，值得临床推广。

[关键词] 心理干预；睡眠呼吸暂停综合征；生活质量；调查研究

[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2015）35-0139-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on the patients with apnea syndrome sleep （SAS）， and to investigate the effects of psychological intervention on the patients with poor mood， treatment compliance and quality of life. Methods Selected clinical data of 80 cases with sleep apnea syndrome patients treated in our hospital from 1st May 2013 to 31st Jan 2014 and they were randomly divided into intervention group and control group， each group with 40 cases. Patients in each group received the traditional nursing mode， while the intervention group received the traditional nursing and received psychological intervention. Two groups of patients after intervened before and 9 months after the depression self rating scale self-rating depression scale（SDS）， anxiety self-rating scale self rating anxiety scale （SAS） and concise Health Questionnaire（SF-36） were evaluated. Results There were no significant differences in SF-36， SAS and SDS in the two groups before intervention（P>0.05）. The results of SF-36， SAS and SDS and treatment compliance in the intervention group were significantly different compared with control group， which was statistically significant（P<0.01）. Conclusion Psychological intervention can effectively relieve the anxiety of patients， improve the sleep quality of patients， improve the treatment compliance， so as to improve the quality of life of patients with SAS， it is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] Psychological intervention； Sleep apnea syndrome； Quality of life； Investigation and research

睡眠呼吸暫停综合征（sleep apnea syndrome，SAS）是指各种原因导致的睡眠状态下反复呼吸暂停和 （或）通气不足，使体内一系列临床综合征发生病理生理的改变，主要表现为睡眠时明显的鼾声、呼吸暂停和呼吸表浅，夜间反复出现低氧血症、高碳酸血症及睡眠结构紊乱，继而出现明显的嗜睡、疲劳感、注意力不集中和记忆力下降，并产生一系列的躯体并发症和心理、生理功能紊乱[1]。睡眠呼吸暂停综合征具有一定的致死风险，可以诱发多种心脑血管疾病、心肺系统疾病、情绪障碍和认知障碍、内分泌疾病等，严重者可能会在睡眠时猝死[2，3]。在我国，40岁以上的人群中，睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者在香港的患病率为4.1%，上海为3.62%，长春市为4.81%，男性多于女性，老年人患病率更高[4]，已成为影响人类健康及生活质量的首要疾病。