不同型号采棉机对棉花采摘质量的影响
2015-07-13罗进军何磊刘向新等
罗进军 何磊 刘向新等
摘要
[目的]为用户购买、使用采棉机以及采棉机手提供指导和帮助。[方法]在作业速度、种植模式、棉花品种相同的条件下,采用不同机型采棉机进行棉花机械采收作业,研究其采净率与籽棉含杂率之间关系,为棉花机械化收获技术推广应用提供参考。[结果] 在采净率提高时,凯斯CPX620采棉机、凯斯635打包一体采棉机、贵航4MZ5型采棉机的含杂率都随之上升,而且上升幅度较大。当作业速度3 km/h时,3种采棉机的采净率为:94.61%、94.0%、94.5%,含杂率为:19.12%、13.84%、16.96%;当作业速度4 km/h时,3种采棉机的采净率为:94.9%、94.22%、94.44%,含杂率为:18.47%、14.75%、18.17%。[结论]3种型号的采棉机的采棉效果比较差异不大。
关键词 采棉机;采净率;含杂率;关系
中图分类号 S225.91+1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)15-331-03
Effects of Different Types of Cotton Picker on the Picking Quality of Cotton
LUO Jinjun1, HE Lei2, LIU Xiangxin2* et al
(1.The First Division of Agricultural Extension Station of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300; 2. Institute of Machinery and Equipment, Xinjiang Academy of Land Reclamation, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000)
Abstract [Objective] To provide guidance and help for users purchase, utilization, as well as cotton picker operator. [Method] Under the same conditions of operating speed, planting pattern, cotton varieties, using different models of mechanical cotton picker cotton harvesting operations conducted to study the relationship between picking net rate and the impurity rat of seed cotton, provides the reference for the cotton harvest mechanization technology popularization and application. [Result] The results showed that: the picking net rate was increased, the Case CPX620 cotton picker, Case 635 packaged one cotton picker, 4MZ5 cotton picker's impurity rate all rise with a big margin and enhance. When the operating speed 3 km/h, three cotton picker picking net rate: 94.61%, 94.0%, 94.5%, impurity rate: 19.12%, 13.84%, 16.96%; when the operating speed 4 km/ h, three kinds picking cotton picker picking net rate: 94.9%, 94.22%, 94.44%, impurity rate: 18.47%, 14.75%, 18.17%. [Conclusion] The cotton picking effect of three types cotton picker has no significant effect.
Key words Cotton picker; Picking net rate; Impurity rate; Relationship
新疆生產建设兵团是我国重要的优质商品棉生产基地和优质棉花产区之一,棉花年产量约占全国的六分之一,具有集约化管理的模式优势,在农业部的支持下,较早地开展了棉花生产机械化技术探索,目前已形成较为成熟的棉花收获机械化技术规程[1-2]。目前,兵团机耕、机整、机播、中耕等机械化水平达到100%,综合机械化水平92%,居全国领先水平。但收获机械化水平只有50%,其中棉花机械化收获水平仅为12%,制约了兵团农业机械化水平的进一步提高[3-4]。为适应兵团全面推广应用机械棉技术的需求,在棉花品种、天气、脱叶情况等相同的情况下,对不同型号的采棉机进行性能和田间生产试验,以考核和评定该机具的技术性能及作业质量,探索出机具采净率和籽棉含杂率之间的影响关系,为用户购买、使用采棉机以及采棉机手提供指导和帮助。……
