Abstract：Byusing the methods of literature review，questionnaire and fuzzysetqualitative comparative analysis（ fsQCA），this studycarried out a configurationanalysis on the influencing factors of physical exercise behaviorof new rural community residents，and discussed the combinationof factorsand implementation path to promote the high physical exercise behavior of new rural community residents. The results show that a single factor cannot bea necessary condition for the residents of new rural communities to exhibit high physical exercisebehavior.There are 8 configurations that can prompt theresidents of new rural communities to exhibit high physical exercise behaviors， indicating thatthereare“multiple concurentcausality”characteristicsamong thevarious factors leading to high physical exercisebehaviors.The same influencing factorhas different effcts in diferentconfigurations，andthere is a complex interactive relationship among each influencing factor.There are 3 implementation paths to promote the active participationof newrural communityresidents in physical exercise，namely，the path driven jointly bycommunity sports facilitiesand environmentand familysupport，the path driven jointly bycommunity sportsatmosphereand environment andsports facilitiesenvironment，andthe path driven jointlybypersonalphysical exercise intentionand sports atmosphere and environment.Based on the above threetypes of implementation paths，each region should adopt targetedanddiferentiated interventionstrategiesinlightoflocalactualconditions toeffctivelypromotethephysical exercise behaviorof residents innewrural communitiesand trulyadvance the implementationof nationalstrategies such as national fitness and Healthy China.

Key words： new rural community； physical exercise behavior； influence factor； configuration analysis； fuzzyqualitative comparative analysis（ fsQCA）

党的十八大以来，党和国家高度重视人民群众的身体健康，将体育强国、全民健身和健康中国建设上升为国家战略，并取得了显著成效。与此同时，随着全民健康意识的不断提升，我国体育锻炼参与率呈现持续增长态势。国家体育总局相关数据显示，2022年我国经常参加体育锻炼人数比例达到 37.2% ，较2014年的33.9% 提升了3.3个百分点[1]。但是，对照中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅在《关于构建更高水平的全民健身公共服务体系的意见》中提出的“到2025年经常参加体育锻炼人数比例达到 38.5% ，到2035年达到 45% 以上”的发展目标要求仍存在一定差距。因此，这就要求各级管理部门根据新时期发展要求，持续优化政策措施，进一步激发人民群众参与体育锻炼的积极性。

研究表明，不同人群参与体育锻炼的影响因素存在显著差异。针对青少年群体，其体育锻炼行为主要受到个人、家庭、学校、社会等多种因素的共同影响[2]。具体而言，健康信念、自我效能感、社会支持，以及教师自主支持、学业控制感、主观任务价值等因素，均会对青少年体育锻炼行为产生显著影响[3-4]对于大学生群体而言，研究发现内外部体育锻炼动机均能促进体育锻炼行为，其中内部动机的作用范围和强度更为显著[5]；锻炼动机能够正向预测锻炼坚持性，而社会支持在二者之间的关系中发挥着重要的正向调节作用；此外，认知态度对锻炼意愿、情感态度、感知行为控制和主观规范也都具有显著的正向影响[7]。……