毛祖青 许太基 甘利 张然然

摘 要：目的：考察辣椒及其制品中铅、镉、砷、汞、铜、硒、镍、铍、钴、铝、锑、铊、铬、锰和钡15种重金属污染物的含量。方法：建立电感耦合等离子质谱检测辣椒及其制品15种元素含量的分析方法。在碰撞池通入氦气，采用质量消除法减少对目标离子的干扰，在线引入内标元素钪、锗、铋、铟和锗校正样品基质干扰和仪器信号漂移对结果的影响。结果：在优化实验条件下，辣椒及其制品中各重金属元素的方法检出限为0.000 2～0.031 7 mg/kg，相关系数均大于0.999 6，加标回收率为90.2%～110%，精密度为0.7%～7.5%。结论：该方法具有较好的精密度和回收率，操作简便，可用于辣椒及其制品15种重金属元素检测，样品结果可为辣椒及其制品重金属元素暴露评估提供数据支撑。

关键词：辣椒及其制品;电感耦合等离子体质谱;重金属元素;食品安全;风险评估

Determination of 15 Heavy Metals in Pepper and Its Products by Pressure Tank Digestion and ICP-MS

MAO Zuqing， XU Taiji， GAN LI， ZHANG Ranran

（Pony Test Group Shenzhen Co.， Ltd.， Shenzhen 518000， China）

Abstract： Objective： The contents of 15 kinds of heavy metal pollutants in pepper and its products were investigated. Including Pb， Cd， As， Hg， Cu， Se， Ni， Be， Co， Al， Sb， Tl， Cr， Mn， and Ba. Method： To establish an ICP-MS method for the determination of 15 elements in pepper and its products. Helium was injected into the collision tank， mass elimination method was used to eliminate the mass interference， and internal standard elements scandium germanium， bismuth， and indium were introduced online to correct the matrix interference and instrument signal drift of samples which may affect the results. Result： Under the optimized experimental conditions， the detection limit of each heavy metal element in pepper and its products was 0.000 2～0.031 7 mg/kg， the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.999 6， the standard addition recovery was 90.2%～110.0%， and the precision was 0.7%～7.5%. Conclusion： The method is simple， rapid and accurate， and can be used for the determination of heavy metals in pepper and its products. The results can provide data support for the assessment of heavy metal exposure in pepper and its products.

Keywords： pepper and its products; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; heavy metal elements; food safety; risk assessment

辣椒是我國普通居民日常生活中必不可少的蔬菜和调味品，尤其深受四川省、重庆市、湖南省、江西省、贵州省和湖北省等多省市居民的喜爱。近年来，在国家和省市食品安全抽检中经常有辣椒及制品中镉、铅等重金属超标报道，海底捞辣椒重金属镉超标被通报，重金属污染是食品安全关注的重点。重金属通过食物链慢性积蓄在人体中，给人的健康带来隐患，导致慢性中毒。镉会影响有机体钙的正常代谢导致肾和骨骼的损伤，铅和汞对神经系统、骨骼造血功能、消化系统和男性生殖系统等均有危害，铬、镉和砷被国际癌症机构列为一类致癌物质。……