董秀芹 李俊丽 刘艳红

摘 要：目的：了解民办高校大学生假期居家和在校期间的营养状况。方法：選择北京吉利学院的360名大学生作为研究对象，结合中国居民膳食平衡指数、健康饮食重视程度、饮食习惯、膳食结构类型及生活方式等评价指标，比较大学生假期和在校期间的差异。结果：大学生在校期间对饮食重视程度明显高于假期居家，差异具有统计学意义;假期食用早餐、宵夜、零食、外卖及三餐规律性与在校期间相比均有显著的统计学差异（P<0.01）;大学生在校摄入食物种类、膳食结构比假期居家期间更接近于中国居民膳食推荐标准;摄入食物的种类与在校期间相比，谷薯类食物、豆类及其坚果和酒类这3类食物具有统计学意义差异（P<0.01）;大学生假期居家运动量减少，睡眠量、网购食品数量增加，但是网上娱乐时间假期居家比在校期间反而减少。结论：假期居家和在校期间大学生在生活方式、对健康饮食重视、体育锻炼有明显变化，导致大学生在假期体重明显增加，应教育大学生注意假期饮食营养和身体健康。

关键词：民办高校;假期居家;在校期间;营养状况;饮食

Investigation on Nutrition Status of College Students in Private Colleges During Vacation and College

DONG Xiuqin1， LI Junli2， LIU Yanhong1

（1.Geely University， Beijing 102202， China; 2. Beijing Hospitality Institute， Beijing 102601， China）

Abstract： Objective： The nutrition status of private college students during vacation and in college was investigated Method： 360 college students from Beijing Geely University were selected as the research objects， and the differences between college students during vacation and college days were compared by using the evaluation indexes of Chinese residents’ dietary balance Index （DBI-16）， the importance of healthy diet， eating habits， dietary structure types and lifestyle， etc. Result： College students pay more attention to diet in college than during vacation， and the difference is statistically significant. Holiday eating breakfast， eat snack， eat snacks， meals and eating take-away and regularity during the period of college had statistical significance （P< 0.01）; The types of food and dietary structure of college students are closer to the recommended Chinese dietary standards than those of college students who stay at home during vacations. The number of food intake was statistically significant only in grain and potato group， beans and nuts group and wine groups （P<0.01）. The amount of exercise， sleep and online shopping increased during the holidays， but the amount of online entertainment decreased during the holidays.  Conclusion： College students during vacation home and in college have obvious changes in their living habits， little attention to healthy diet and physical exercise， resulting in a significant increase in weight during the vacations， college students should be educated to pay attention to holiday diet， nutrition and health.

Keywords： private colleges; vacation time; college time; nutritional status; diet

正确的膳食营养是人们健康的基础，近年来我国慢性病发病逐渐年轻化，为此我国制定中国居民膳食指南（2016版）指导我国各个年龄段居民获得充足膳食营养，满足健康的需求[1]。

大学生处于生长发育的关键期，面临着繁重的学习和生活压力，饮食结构是否合理，将会对他们的学习以及身体健康造成极大影响[2-3]。……