王焱　陆兆钠　黄金龙　左萍萍　缪伟志

摘 要：在高校的门口人流与车流集中，该路段非机动车道路内停车容易产生拥堵的现象，本文以南通理工学院为例获取数据并进行优化研究，在充分遵循公共交通组织和规划设计原则基础上，采用法律法规的手段对路内停车行为进行约束，并用VISSIM软件对该方案进行模拟仿真得出行程时间、延误、排队长队等参数。通过对优化前后的数据分析得到，该方案在同时段同等情况下，汽车在高校门口路段的通过时间最多缩短5.1s，延误最多降低了5.3s，排队长度最多减少了2m，并且减少了停车次数，证明了方案的可行性，为高校门口处的交通优化提供典型的参考案例。

关键词：交通拥堵 仿真优化 路内停车 VISSIM软件

Optimization and Simulation of on road parking in North Gate of school based on VISSIM software

Wang Yan Lu Zhaona Huang Jinlong Zuo Pingping Miao Weizhi

Abstract：At the entrance of colleges and universities， the flow of people and vehicles is concentrated， and parking on non-motorized roads in this section is prone to congestion. This article takes Nantong Institute of Technology as an example to obtain data and conduct optimization research. On the basis of fully following the principles of public transportation organization and planning and design， Laws and regulations are used to restrict on-street parking behavior， and VISSIM software is used to simulate the scheme to obtain parameters such as travel time， delays， and long queues. Through the analysis of the data before and after the optimization， the scheme can shorten the passage time of the car at the entrance of the university by up to 5.1s， the delay by up to 5.3s， the length of the queue by up to 2m， and the number of parking times under the same conditions at the same time. ， Proved the feasibility of the scheme， and provided a typical reference case for traffic optimization at the entrance of colleges and universities.

Key words：traffic congestion; Simulation optimization; On road parking; VISSIM software

1 引言

當前，城市中的停车困难问题越来越凸显，由于停车泊位紧缺，车辆随意停放的情况严重，不仅会影响正常的交通工具运行，还会严重干扰交通秩序，形成交通安全隐患[1]。高校的学生上下课放学的时间固定与上下班高峰期重合，在校门口容易造成交通拥堵的情况发生。何南等人[2-3]以大连交通大学校门口为例对交通组织方式进行优化，并使用Anylogic软件进行仿真，得出同等条件下通行时间缩减13%，但缺少考虑路内停车的问题。盛宇等人[4-5]，对无信号控制T型交叉口进行研究，采用了可接受间隙理论使用Vissim软件进行仿真，提出了在单一车流下理想的通行条件，但是未考虑高校路口与商业街等交通复杂情况。……