李爱萍　王丽昕　廖旭

[摘要]目的：探讨玻璃离子窝沟封闭术在乳磨牙龋齿防治中的应用效果。方法：选取2017年5月-2019年5月于笔者医院行窝沟封闭术的儿童102例，按随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组51例。对照组应用光固化窝沟封闭剂，观察组应用玻璃离子窝沟封闭剂。比较两组手术情况、封闭剂保留情况、患龋情况、国际龋病检测与评估系统（ICDAS-Ⅱ）评分及并发症情况。结果：观察组平均操作时间、涂布封闭剂时间均短于对照组（P<0.05）。术后6个月，两组封闭剂总保留率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后12个月，观察组封闭剂总保留率（90.69%）高于对照组（83.82%）（P<0.05）。术后6个月，两组患龋率、ICDAS-Ⅱ评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后12个月，观察组患龋率（1.96%）低于对照组（5.88%），观察组ICDAS-Ⅱ评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组均无发热、牙龈炎、进食不适等严重并发症，对照组中1例出现轻微疼痛，未经处理自行缓解。结论：玻璃离子窝沟封闭术在乳磨牙龋齿防治中具有良好的应用效果，可缩短操作时间，提高封闭剂保留率，减小患龋风险，阻止龋齿发展，值得臨床推广应用。

[关键词]乳磨牙;龋齿;窝沟封闭术;玻璃离子体;应用效果

[中图分类号]R788+.1    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）09-0140-03

Application Effect of Glass Ionomer as Pit and Fissure Sealant on Prevention of Deciduous Molar Dental Caries

LI Ai-ping，WANG Li-xin，LIAO Xu

（Department of Pediatric Stomatology，Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University， Chifeng 024000，Inner Mongolia，China）

Abstract：Objective To investigate the application effect of glass ionomer as pit and fissure sealant on prevention of deciduous molar dental caries. Methods Total of 102 children who underwent pit and fissure sealant in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2019 were selected. According to the random number method， they were divided into the control group （n=51） and the observation group （n=51）. The control group was treated with light-cured as pit and fissure sealant， and the observation group was treated with glass ionomer as pit and fissure sealant. The operation status， retention of sealant， dental caries， international caries detection and assessment system-Ⅱ（ICDAS-Ⅱ） scores， and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The average operation time and application time of applying sealant in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group （P<0.05）. At 6 months after operation， there was no significant difference in the total retention rate of the sealing agent between the two groups （P>0.05）. At 12 months after operation， the total retention rate of sealing agent in the observation group （90.69%） was higher than that in the control group （83.82%） （P<0.05）. At 6 months after operation， there was no significant difference in the caries rate and ICDAS-Ⅱ score between the two groups （P>0.05）. At 12 months after operation， the caries rate in the observation group （1.96%） was lower than that in the control group （5.88%）， and the ICDAS-Ⅱ score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. There were no serious complications such as fever， gingivitis and eating discomfort in the two groups. In the control group， 1 case had slight pain， which was relieved itself without treatment. Conclusion Glass ionomer as pit and fissure sealant has a good application effect on prevention of deciduous molar dental caries. It can shorten the operation time， increase the retention rate of sealant， reduce the risk of dental caries， and prevent the development of dental caries， which is worthy of clinical application.

Key words：deciduous molar; dental caries; pit and fissure sealant; glass ionomer; application effect

随着生活水平的持续提高，近年来龋病的患病人数逐渐增多。龋病作为一种细菌感染性口腔疾病，好发于儿童，可对儿童的身心健康造成危害[1]。据调查，在我国，3、4、5岁儿童的患龋率分别为50.5%、63.0%、70.9%，且窝沟龋约占所有龋病人群的80%左右[2]。乳磨牙龋病已成为临床常见的疾病，可影响患儿的正常牙牙合发育及恒牙替换，损害咀嚼、发音等口腔功能，甚至造成牙冠大面积损坏或缺失[3-4]。因此，提前采取有效措施防治乳磨牙龋齿具有重要意义。窝沟封闭术通过在窝沟点隙中填涂封闭材料，使牙体组织受到保护，防止细菌或食物残渣侵袭，该方法防龋性能高、创伤小，具有较好的屏障作用[5-6]。本研究旨在探讨不同窝沟封闭材料在乳磨牙龋齿防治中的临床效果。……