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低脂凝胶类肉制品脂肪替代及改性的研究进展

2021-10-12苏娅宁杨慧娟陈韬

肉类研究 2021年9期

苏娅宁 杨慧娟 陈韬

摘 要:我国作为肉制品消费总量最高的国家,其中低脂凝胶类肉制品十分符合当今人们的消费观念和健康的饮食理念。单纯将脂肪含量降低势必会影响肉制品品质,因此,在保持产品品质或对产品品质影响较小的同时降低脂肪含量成为肉制品研究热点。本文主要概述了脂肪替代及非热加工技术的分类和特点,着重论述低脂凝胶类肉制品中碳水化合物类脂肪替代物,常见的几种非热加工技术对蛋白功能特性的影响和应用,以及脂肪替代与非热加工技术结合应用于低脂肉制品的研究进展,并对低脂凝胶肉制品的发展方向进行展望。

关键词:脂肪替代;非热加工;凝胶肉糜;共同作用

Progress in Fat Substitution and Modification in Low-Fat Gel-Type Meat Products

SU Yaning1, YANG Huijuan2, CHEN Tao1,*

(1.School of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650000, China;

2.Institute of Standardization, China Metrology University, Hangzhou 310018, China)

Abstract: As the country has become the largest consumer of meat products, low-fat gel-type meat products highly conform to Chinese peoples consumption concept and the concept of health diet. Simply reducing the fat content is bound to affect the quality of meat products. Therefore, how to reduce the fat content while maintaining product quality or only slightly affecting product quality has become a research hotspot. This paper reviews the application of fat replacement and/or

non-thermal processing technologies in the production of low-fat gel-type meat products with special focus on carbohydrates available to replace fat in low-fat gel-type meat products and the impact of several common non-thermal processing technologies on protein functional properties. In addition, it discusses future directions for the development of low-fat

gel-type meat products.

Keywords: fat replacement; non-thermal processing; meat-batter gel; collaborative effect

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210517-135

中图分类号:TS251.5                                        文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)09-0051-07

引文格式:

苏娅宁, 杨慧娟, 陈韬. 低脂凝胶类肉制品脂肪替代及改性的研究进展[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(9): 51-57. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210517-135.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

SU Yaning, YANG Huijuan, CHEN Tao. Progress in fat substitution and modification in low-fat gel-type meat products[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(9): 51-57. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210517-135.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

随着时代变迁,消费者的观念和消费水平随之改变,更加追求高品质、营养均衡和安全的食品。肉及肉制品中蛋白质、脂肪、维生素、矿物质等为人体生长发育提供所需的营养 [1-2]。脂肪不仅是人体热量、能量和必需脂肪酸的主要来源,也赋予食品特殊的风味、良好的质地以及感官特性,但高胆固醇、饱和脂肪酸的摄入会导致肥胖、高血压、心血管疾病及某些癌症[3-5]。研究表明,增强肉制品健康属性,降低脂肪含量对消费者选择肉制品有着积极影响[6],这也推动越来越多学者对低脂肉制品关注和研究[7-8]。目前,乳化凝胶类肉制品通常含有8%~15%的动物脂肪,主要发挥改善质构、增加多汁性及风味等作用[9]。……

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